RELASI ANTAR STAKEHOLDERS DALAM IMPLEMENTASI PENANGGULANGAN HIV AIDS (STUDI KASUS : KOTA PALU)

MUSTIKA SARI, Dr. Phiel. Gabriel Lele, M.Si

2017 | Tesis | S2 Manajemen dan Kebijakan Publik

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data dan informasi mengenai mengapa tren HIV AIDS di Kota Palu mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ketahun?. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, penelitian ini berfokus pada Relasi yang terbangun antara Stakeholders yang terlibat dalam implementasi penanggulangan HIV AIDS. Pendekatan yang digunakan untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan Focus Group Discussion. Data di analisis dengan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Tren perkembangan HIV AIDS di Kota Palu selama ini menurut para Stakeholders disebabkan oleh 3 (tiga) hal utama yaitu faktor perilaku, adanya Hotspot yang tidak terkontrol dan penggunaan kondom bagi perilaku yang tidak aman. Sehingga Pemerintah berfokus pada kebijakan penanggulangan HIV AIDS berupa (1) Penemuan kasus sebanyak-banyaknya; (2) upaya pencegahan; (3) kebijakan pengobatan, dukungan dan perawatan serta (4) kebijakan pemberdayaan. Namun hasil penelitian menunjukkan naiknya tren HIV AIDS di Kota Palu karena buruknya relasi yang terbangun antar Stakeholders, baik Stakeholders kunci, Stakeholders primer dan Stakeholders sekunder. Buruknya relasi yang terbangun diantara stakehoders selain ditunjukkan dari beberapa karakteristik negatif dari pola relasi dan interaksi mereka ternyata juga dipengaruhi oleh power dan interest dari masing-masing Stakeholders. Dalam penanggulangan HIV AIDS di Kota Palu yang termasuk Stakeholders Kunci adalah Walikota, Wakil Walikota, DPRD Kota Palu, Dinas Kesehatan, Dinas Sosial dan Ketenagakerjaan, Kementerian Agama Kota Palu, Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS Propinsi dan Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS Kota Palu. Sementara yang termasuk dalam Stakeholders Primer adalah Warga Peduli AIDS, Orang dengan HIV AIDS, Wanita Pekerja Seks, Pelanggan Lokalisasi, Komunitas beresiko, Mucikari dan Masyarakat Umum. Sedangkan Stakeholders Sekunder terdiri dari Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat dan Organisasi Kemasyarakatan yaitu AIDS Support Center (ASC), PKBI Sulteng dan Fatayat NU. Permasalahan HIV AIDS di Kota Palu bisa di atasi jika ketiga Stakeholders tersebut mampu berelasi dengan baik, dengan mengembangkan hubungan positif yang terjalin diantara mereka. Hubungan positif tercermin dari kualitas dan kekuatan interaksi yang mereka kembangkan meliputi perbaikan komunikasi, konsolidasi, meningkatkan transparansi, partisipasi masyarakat dan akuntabilitas. Perbaikan kualitas dan kekuatan interaksi antar Stakeholders selain memperbaiki posisi power dan interest mereka juga akan mendorong persamaan persepsi dalam menjadikan isu HIV AIDS sebagai isu strategis sehingga kebijakan yang diambil oleh pemerintah di masa yang akan datang lebih sensitif HIV AIDS.

This study aimed to gain data and information about the reason why HIV AIDS trend in Palu city is increasing from year to year. To answer the question, this study are focusing on the relation that was built between the involved Stakeholders in implementing the countermeasure of HIV AIDS. The method used to answer the research question is qualitative method with case study approach. The data collection was done through observation, interview, documentation, and Focus Group Discussion. Data was analyzed by using qualitative descriptive analysis. The HIV AIDS development trend in Palu city happened based on the Stakeholders explanation, because of three main factors namely behavioral factor, uncontrollable hotspot, and the using of condom in unsafety behavior. Consequently, the government are focusing on the HIV AIDS countermeasure policy such as (1) cases discovery as much as possible; (2) the prevention effort; (3) treatment, supporting, and nursing policy, and also (4) empowerment policy. However, the result of the study showed that the increasing of the HIV AIDS trend in Palu city was caused by the bad relation that was built between Stakeholders; it can be seen in the key Stakeholders, and primary Stakeholders, as well as secondary Stakeholders. This kind of relation that was built between Stakeholders is not only shown through some negative characteristics of their relation�s pattern and interaction but also through their own power and interest as Stakeholders. In HIV AIDS countermeasure in Palu city, those who are included as key Stakeholders are the Mayor, the vice mayor, DPRD (Provincial council) of Palu city, Department of Health, Social Services and employment, Ministry of Religion of Palu city, AIDS countermeasure commission in province and AIDS countermeasure commission in Palu city. Meanwhile those who are included as primary Stakeholders are AIDS-care People, People with HIV AIDS, women sex worker, customers of the localizations, risked community, the pimp, and public society. Furthermore, secondary Stakeholders are Non governmental organization and society organization such as AIDS Support Center (ASC), PKBI of middle Sulawesi and Fatayat NU. The HIV AIDS issues in Palu city could be solved if the three Stakeholders are able to build good relation, by develop positive relation between them. The positive relation are reflected through the quality and strength of interaction that was developed by them included the improvement in communication, consolidation, promoting transparation, society participation and accountability. The improvement in interaction�s quality and strength between Stakeholders is not only to improve their power and interest position, but also to promote perception equality in treating HIV AIDS issues as strategic issue. Therefore, the policies taken by the government in the future will be more concern and sensitive to HIV AIDS.

Kata Kunci : Stakeholders, HIV AIDS, Relasi, Stakeholders, HIV AIDS, Relation.�