ANALISIS PEMILIHAN MODA TRANSPORTASI DENGAN MEMPERTIMBANGKAN ABILITY TO PAY (ATP) DAN WILLINGNESS TO PAY (WTP) PENUMPANG MENUJU NEW YOGYAKARTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (STUDI KASUS: KERETA API, KENDARAAN UMUM DAN KENDARAAN PRIBADI)

DANNY SETIAWAN, Prof. Ir. Sigit Priyanto, M.SC., Ph.D.

2017 | Tesis | S2 Sistem dan Teknik Transportasi

Rata-rata peningkatan jumlah penumpang pesawat Bandara Adisutjipto dari tahun 2009-2015 adalah sebesar 11%, hal ini menyebabkan Bandara Adisutjipto tidak kondusif lagi untuk dapat menampung penumpang pesawat. Maka diperlukan bandara pengganti yaitu New Yogyakarta International Airport yang berjarak ±45 km dari pusat Kota Yogyakarta dan Kereta Api Bandara sebagai moda transportasi penghubung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemilihan moda transportasi dengan mempertimbangkan ability to pay (ATP) dan willingness to pay (WTP) penumpang menuju New Yogyakarta International Airport. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik stated preference (SP) terhadap 400 responden. Pengukuran ATP menggunakan metode household budget dan hasil penelitiannya menitik beratkan pada kemauan membayar (WTP). Dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan ordered probit model dengan menggunakan software Limdep 7.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jarak ideal penumpang pesawat bersedia menggunakan kereta api bandara apabila jarak bandara menuju kota adalah sebesar 37 km. Dengan ATP calon pengguna jasa kereta api bandara New Yogyakarta International Airport adalah sebesar Rp. 101.512,- dan nilai rata-rata WTP adalah sebesar Rp. 43.864,-. Tarif ideal kereta api bandara adalah sebesar Rp. 50.000,- dengan ATP dan WTP penumpang sebesar 57,50% dan 50%. Dari berbagai alternatif yang ditawarkan, tingkat WTP penumpang pesawat yang menyatakan pasti naik menggunakan Kereta Api Bandara adalah sebesar 56,00% untuk alternatif 8, yaitu tarif sebesar Rp. 75.000,-, waktu perjalanan 45 menit, sistem tiket terintegrasi dengan pesawat, frekuensi keberangkatan setiap 45 menit dan fasilitas kereta api yang baik. Serta analisis pemilihan moda transportasi dari/menuju New Yogyakarta International Airport dengan menggunakan moda transportasi Kereta Api Bandara, Kendaraan Pribadi, Bis Damri, dan Taxi berturut-turut sebesar 46,75%, 23,50%, 19,50%, dan 10,25%. Jika tarif Taxi sebesar Rp.150.000,- maka ATP dan WTP sebesar 25,25% dan 10,25%. Jika tarif Kendaraan Pribadi sebesar Rp. 100.000,- maka ATP dan WTP sebesar 34,75% dan 33,75%, dan jika tarif Kereta Api Bandara sebesar Rp. 75.000,- maka ATP dan WTP sebesar 49,50% dan 80,50%. Serta jika tarif Bis Damri sebesar Rp. 50.000,- maka ATP dan WTP sebesar 65,75% dan 100%. Kata kunci: Ability To Pay (ATP), Willingess To Pay (WTP), Stated Preference, New Yogyakarta International Airport, Kereta Api Bandara

The average of increasing number of air passenger Adisucipto Airport from 2009-2015, is about 11%, this causes Adisucipto Airport no longer conducive to accommodate passengers. It would require replacement airport, that is New Yogyakarta International Airport within ± 45 km from Yogyakarta city center by airport train service as a liaison transportation modal. This study aimed to analyze the selection modal of transportation taking into account the passengers of ability to pay (ATP) and willingness to pay (WTP) to the New Yogyakarta International Airport. Methods of data collection were done by using stated preference (SP) of the 400 respondents. Measurement of ATP using the household budget and the results of this research focuses on the willingness to pay (WTP). Analyzed using an ordered probit model by Limdep 7.0 software. The results showed the ideal distance of air passengers which willing to use the airport train when the distance of airport to the city is 37 km. The ATP prospective users of airport train services at New Yogyakarta International Airport is IDR 101,512,- and the average value of WTP is IDR 43,864,-. Ideal fare of airport train service is IDR 50,000,- then the ATP and WTP of passengers is 57,50% and 50%. From the offered alternative, WTP of plane passengers that states for definite use airport train service is about 56% for alternative 8, that is travel cost is IDR 75,000,-, travel time is 45 minutes, ticketing system is integrated with the aircraft, frequency departures every 45 minutes and train facilities were good. And analysis of the modal choice of transport from / to New Yogyakarta International Airport use of modal of transport airport train service, personal vehicles, bus damri, and taxi, respectively for 46.75%, 23.50%, 19.50%, and 10.25%. If fare of taxi is IDR 150,000,- then the ATP and WTP of passengers is 25.25% and 10.25%. If fare of personal vehicle is IDR 100,000,- then the ATP and WTP of passengers is 34.75% and 33.75%, and if fare of airport train service is IDR 75,000,- then the ATP and WTP of passengers is 49.50% and 80.50%. As well if damri bus fare is IDR 50,000,- then the ATP and WTP of passengers is 65.75% and 100%. Keywords: Ability To Pay (ATP), Willingness To Pay (WTP), Stated Preference, New Yogyakarta International Airport, Airport Train Service

Kata Kunci : Ability To Pay (ATP), Willingess To Pay (WTP), Stated Preference, New Yogyakarta International Airport, Kereta Api Bandara