PEREMAJAAN LINGKUNGAN PERMUKIMAN NELAYAN TAMBAK MULYO BERDASARKAN ASPIRASI PENGHUNI

NURLINA YUSTININGRUM, Ir. Agam Marsoyo, M.Sc., Ph.D.

2016 | Skripsi | S1 PERENCANAAN WILAYAH DAN KOTA

Kumuhnya permukiman pesisir merupakan masalah epidemik di Permukiman Nelayan Tambak Mulyo, Semarang Utara. Masalah tersebut berdampak pada kualitas permukiman nelayan, antara lain berupa tumpukan sampah yang menumpuk, kepadatan antara pasar dan PPI (Pusat Pelelangan Ikan), serta bencana banjir pasang surut dapat datang sewaktu-waktu. Salah satu penyelesaian pemerintah terhadap kondisi tersebut adalah dengan relokasi PPI. Meski demikian, program relokasi terbukti tidak tepat sasaran karena kurang menjangkau mayoritas penghuni permukiman. Oleh sebab tersebut, perencanaan ini bertujuan untuk memberi alternatif rencana melalui pendekatan dari bawah (bottom-up) berdasarkan aspirasi penghuni. Perencanaan ini menggunakan metode analisis masalah potensial beserta studi pustaka. Proses analisis dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gambaran masalah dan potensi permukiman serta unit amatan permukiman. Gambaran masalah dan potensi masalah didapat melalui mini observasi. Unit amatan berupa komponen-komponen pembentuk Kawasan Permukiman Nelayan Tambak Mulyo juga turut didapatkan pada tahap tersebut. Komponen pembentuk kawasan permukiman nelayan tersebut berupa; jaringan jalan; jaringan drainase, jaringan air bersih; jaringan sanitasi; jaringan persampahan; fasilitas mitigasi bencana; pusat pelelangan ikan; tempat penjemuran ikan; tambatan perahu; dek kapal; dan tempat usaha. Setelah itu penulis mengumpulkan aspirasi penghuni melalui wawancara mendalam (in-depth interview) pada penghuni secara acak (random sampling). Konsep rencana terbentuk berdasarkan aspirasi penghuni pada komponen pembentuk kawasan permukiman nelayan dengan tetap mempertimbangkan kaidah standar pelayanan dari pemerintah. Perencanaan dilakukan menggunakan strategi peremajaan lingkungan dengan realisasi tahapan rencana dalam kurun waktu lima tahun. Hasil dari peremajaan tersebut akan memberikan dampak langsung bagi lingkungan permukiman nelayan secara umum dan bagi penghuni secara khusus sebab bersifat bottom-up.

Slums in fishermen settlement is an epidemic problem in most coastal regions, as is the case with Tambak Mulyo, Semarang Utara. This problem has several impacts on the quality of the fishermen settlement, among others are piling waste, dense population between marketplace and the PPI (Fish Auction Center), as well as tidal flooding that can occur any moment. Among the Government's responses to the conditions was the relocation of the PPI. However, the relocation program has proven to be ineffective for failing to reach the majority of the residents. In regard to that, this planning aims to provide an alternative plan with a bottom-up approach based on the aspirations of the residents. The methodologies of this planning are based on potential problem analysis and study of literature. Analysis was conducted to get a description of the problems and the potentials of the settlement, as well as the observation units. An overview of the problems and the potentials of the settlement was obtained through mini observation. The observation unit of the components in the fishermen settlement area in Tambak Mulyo was also obtained. The components forming the fishery settlement were identified as: road network; drainage network; clean water network; sanitation network; waste network; mitigation facility; fish auction center; place for drying out the fish; mooring; ship deck; and place for conducting business. Finally, the aspirations of the residents were gathered through in-depth interviews with random sampling technique. The concept of the planning is based on the aspirations of the residents on the area- forming components of the fishermen settlement, while still taking government service standard rules into consideration. The planning is to be conducted using environmental renewal strategy with planning stages realization of within five years. The result of the renewal will give direct impact to the fishermen settlement environment in general and to the residents in particular due to the bottom-up nature of the planning.

Kata Kunci : peremajaan lingkungan, permukiman nelayan, aspirasi, settlement renewal, fishing settlement, aspiration