KEBUTUHAN PSIKOLOGIS GURU ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS (ABK) PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

ARIFATI ILMA LUBIS, Dra. Sri Kusrohmaniah, M. Si., Ph. D., Psikolog

2021 | Tesis | MAGISTER PSIKOLOGI PROFESI

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi kebutuhan psikologis guru di SLB dengan pertanyaan penelitian "Apa saja kebutuhan psikologis guru yang mengajar siswa ABK pada masa pandemi COVID-19?". Partisipan penelitian adalah tiga orang guru berusia 25-26 tahun. Metode penelitian kualitatif fenomenologi dengan teknik wawancara semi-terstruktur. Pertanyaan wawancara berdasarkan teori Self-Determination dengan tiga komponen kebutuhan psikologis Otonomi, Kompetensi, Keterikatan. Analisis data menggunakan Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) dengan penafsiran peneliti mengenai pengalaman setiap partisipan. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan lima tema induk yang merupakan pengelompokan dari 21 tema superordinat, yaitu Pengalaman Mengajar Sebelum Pandemi, Kemampuan Sebagai Guru, Pengalaman Mengajar Saat Pandemi, Kondisi Diri Saat Pandemi, Hubungan Sosial Saat Pandemi. Harapan dari penelitian ini, yaitu dapat memberikan sumbangan pemikirian ilmiah dalam bidang psikologi khususnya psikologi pendidikan.

This study aims to explore the psychological needs of teachers in special schools with the research question "What is the condition of the psychological needs of teachers who teach children with special needs during the COVID-19 pandemic?" The participants were three teachers aged 25-26 years. Phenomenology qualitative research methods with semi-structured interview techniques. Interview questions based on Self-Determination theory with three components of psychological needs Autonomy, Competence, Relatedness. Data analysis used Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) with the researcher's interpretation of the experiences of each participant. The results of this study found five main themes which are groupings of 21 superordinate themes, namely Teaching Experience before a Pandemic, Ability as a Teacher, Teaching Experience during a Pandemic, Personal Condition During a Pandemic, Social Relations During a Pandemic. The hope of this research is that it can contribute to scientific thinking in the field of psychology, especially educational psychology.

Kata Kunci : Kebutuhan psikologis, guru anak berkebutuhan khusus, fenomenologi.