Gambaran Implementasi Sasaran Keselamatan Pasien di Puskesmas X Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

NURAIDA WAHYU H, Heru Subekti, S.Kep.,Ns.,MPH. ; Sri Mulyani, S.Kep.,Ns.,MNg. ; Purwanta, S.Kp.,M.Kes.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar belakang: Fasilitas kesehatan memiliki potensi bahaya bagi pasien yang dapat menyebabkan insiden keselamatan pasien (IKP). Untuk mencegahnya, dalam Permenkes Nomor 11 Tahun 2017 ditetapkan bahwa setiap fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan memberlakukan sasaran keselamatan pasien. Tujuan penelitian: Mengetahui gambaran implementasi sasaran keselamatan pasien di Puskesmas X dilihat dari ketepatan identifikasi pasien, peningkatan keamanan obat yang perlu diwaspadai khususnya obat look alike sound alike (LASA), pengurangan risiko infeksi terkait pelayanan kesehatan, dan pengurangan risiko pasien jatuh. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan penelitian crossectional. Dilakukan total sampling dan ditinjau berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dari semua petugas kesehatan di empat ruangan yang dilakukan pengamatan. Total subjek penelitian adalah 9 orang responden, 4 diantaranya diambil untuk mewakili masing-masing petugas kesehatan untuk dilakukan wawancara semi terstruktur. Dilakukan 30 kali pengamatan di masing-masing ruangan sehingga total pengamatan 120 kali. Instrumen penelitian berupa checklist dan pedoman wawancara berdasarkan Permenkes Nomor 11 Tahun 2017, SOP Puskesmas X mengenai sasaran keselamatan pasien, dan SOP Puskesmas X mengenai cuci tangan. Hasil Penelitian: Identifikasi pasien dilakukan dengan satu identitas pasien (52,5%) dan menggunakan pertanyaan tertutup (46,7%). Peningkatan keamanan obat yang perlu diwaspadai khususnya LASA dengan melakukan double check (100%). Pengurangan risiko infeksi terkait pelayanan kesehatan dilakukan dengan cuci tangan, namun hanya sebanyak 15% petugas kesehatan melakukan cuci tangan. Pengurangan risiko pasien jatuh tidak dilakukan oleh petugas kesehatan (0%). Kesimpulan: Penerapan sasaran keselamatan pasien di Puskesmas X belum terlaksana secara optimal. Perlu dilakukan evaluasi dan sosialisasi secara rutin kepada petugas kesehatan agar dapat melaksanakan sasaran keselamatan pasien dengan baik.

Background: Health facilities have potential hazards who may cause patient safety incidents. To prevent it, Permenkes Number 11 of 2017 stipulated that every health facility implements the patient's safety goals. Objective: Knowing the implementation of patient's safety goals at Puskesmas X was seen from the accuracy of patient identification, the improvement of drug safety especially the look alike sound alike (LASA), reducing the risk of infection related to health services, and reducing the risk of falling patients. Method: This is a descriptive research with crossectional research design. The participants were all health workers in the four rooms and were seen baseds on inclusion criteria. Total subjects were 9 respondents, 4 of which were taken to represent each health worker for semi-structured interview. Every room was 30 times observed so the total observation was 120 times. The instruments are based on Permenkes Number 11 Year 2017, SOP of Puskesmas X on patient safety and hand washing. Result: Patient identification was performed with one patient identity (52.5%), using closed questions (46.7%). Increasing drug safety especially LASA by doing double check (100%). The risk reduction of health care-related infections is done by handhygiene, but only 15% of health workers washed their hands. The reduction in the risk of falling patients was not performed by healthcare workers (0%). Conclusion: The implementation of patient safety goals in Puskesmas X hasn’t been implemented optimally. It’s necessary to evaluate and socialize routinely to health workers in order to carry out the patient's safety goals well.

Kata Kunci : keselamatan pasien, puskesmas, sasaran keselamatan pasien/patient safety goals, patient safety, primary health care