KARAKTERISASI FUNGI Trichoderma sp. SEBAGAI AGEN PENGENDALI HAYATI TERHADAP PENYAKIT JAMUR AKAR PUTIH

YOGHO PRASTYO, S.PD, Dr. Endah Retnaningrum, S.Si., M.Eng.

2016 | Tesis | S2 Biologi

Jamur akar putih merupakan penyakit pada tanaman karet yang disebabkan oleh fungi tular tanah Ridigoporus microporus. Alternatif pengendalian penyakit jamur akar putih dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan agen antagonis. Trichoderma merupakan fungi antagonis yang dikembangkan sebagai agen pengendali penyakit jamur akar putih. Kemampuan spesies Trichoderma sp. dalam mengendalikan fungi patogen berbeda-beda. Isolat Trichoderma sp. Y1 asal Pusat Antar Universitas (PAU) UGM belum diketahui sebagai agens pengendali hayati. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui kemampuan antagonistik Trichoderma sp. Y1 terhadap fungi patogen Rigidoporus microporus dan memperoleh karakter molekular Trichoderma sp. Y1. Penelitian mencangkup aspek identifikasi morfologis, dan molekular, serta uji aktivitas antagonis Trichoderma sp. Y1 terhadap R. microporus secara in vitro. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Bioteknologi PAU UGM. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Trichoderma sp. Y1 memiliki kemampuan pengendalian fungi patogen R. microporus JB1 dengan presentase hambatan 86,15% dengan mekanisme kompetisi dan mikoparasitik dan 18S, ITS1, 5,8S, ITS2, 28S pada Trichoderma sp. Y1 mampu mengidentifikasi sebagai Trichoderma harzianum. Produk sekuensing nukleotida daerah ITS pada Trichoderma sp.Y1 berhasil teridentifikasi dengan panjang 667 bp.

White root disease is a plant disease in the rubber caused by soil borne fungi Ridigoporus microporus. Alternative white root fungus disease control by can be done using antagonist agents. Antagonistic fungi Trichoderma is being developed as a disease control agent of white root fungus. The ability of each species of Trichoderma sp. in controlling the pathogenic fungi vary. Isolates of Trichoderma sp. Y1 Pusat Antar Universitas (PAU) UGM is not known as a biological agent. The purpose of this study were to determine the ability of antagonistic Trichoderma sp. Y1 against pathogenic fungi R. microporus and obtain molecular character of Trichoderma sp. Y1. The study covers aspects of identification of morphological and molecular, as well as the test antagonist activity Tichoderma sp. against R. microporus in vitro. This study was conducted at the Laboratory of Biotechnology PAU UGM. The results of the study showed that Trichoderma sp. Y1 had the ability to control pathogenic fungi R. microporus JB1 with a percentage of 86.15% with a mechanism competition and mycoparasites, 18S, ITS1, 5,8S, ITS2, 28S region on Trichoderma sp. Y1 was able to identify as Trichoderma harzianum. Nucleotide sequencing products on Trichoderma sp.Y1 ITS regions were identified with a length of 667 bp.

Kata Kunci : Trichoderma sp., antagonistik, Rigidoporus microporus, daerah ITS/Trichoderma sp., antagonistic, Rigidoporus microporus, ITS region