FLUKTUASI POPULASI LALAT BUAH Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Handcock (Diptera: Tephritidae) PADA KOMUNITAS TANAMAN CABAI DI DUSUN TRINI, DESA TRIHANGGO, KABUPATEN SLEMAN

ALFIAN DAUD, Dr. R. C. Hidayat Soesilohadi, M. S.

2016 | Tesis | S2 Biologi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola fluktuasi lalat buah jantan; parasitoid lalat buah dan rasio seks lalat buah yang merusak buah cabai. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di komunitas tanaman cabai DusunTrini, Desa Trihanggo, Kecamatan Gamping, Kabupaten Sleman. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan dua cara, menggunakan perangkap di lokasi penelitian dan memelihara buah cabai dari lapangan di Laboratorium Entomologi Fakultas Biologi UGM. Data disajikan dalam bentuk Tabel dan Gambar, serta dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian di lapangan menemukan tiga spesies lalat buah jantan yang terperangkap, B. papayae, B. carambolae dan B. umbrosa. Ketiga spesies tersebut berfluktuasi dari minggu pertama sampai minggu ke-14 pengamatan dan membentuk pola irreguler. Berdasarkan hasil pemeliharaan sampel buah cabai di Laboratorium Entomologi Fakultas Biologi UGM, ditemukan spesies lalat buah B. papayae dan dua spesies parasitoid, Psyttalia fletcheri dan Psyttalia makii yang memarasiti lalat buah B. papayae. Sebanyak 323 pupa lalat buah diperoleh dari hasil pemeliharaan sampel buah cabai. Sebanyak 69,04% pupa menjadi lalat buah dewasa, 6,50% pupa lalat buah terserang parasitoid, dan 24,45% pupa mati. Rasio seks lalat buah B. papayae pada pemeliharaan pertama dan kedua mengalami perbedaan. Rasio seks pada pemeliharaan pertama 1: 2 , sedangkan pada pemeliharaan kedua 2:1. Perbedaan rasio seks dipengaruhi oleh kemelimpahan buah cabai.

This study aimed to know fluctuation pattern of male fruit flies; parasitoid of fruit flies and sex ratio of fruit flies that damaged chili. Sampling was conducted in communities of chili plants in DusunTrini, Desa Trihanggo, Kecamatan Gamping, Kabupaten Sleman. Sampling was conducted in two ways, by using traps in study location and rearing chili fruits from field in Entomology Laboratorium, Biology Faculty of UGM. Data was presented by table as well as picture, and was analyzed descriptively. The result of field study found three traped species of male fruit flies, B. papayae; B. carambolae and B. umbrosa. That three species fluctuated from first week to fourteenth week of observation and made the irreguler pattern. The rearing chili fruits in Entomology Laboratorium, Biology Faculty of UGM found fruit flies of B. papayae and two species of parasitoid, Psyttalia fletcheri and Psyttalia makii that attacted fruit flies of B. papayae. An amount of 323 pupae of fruit flies was gotten from rearing of chili fruits. An amount of 69,04% pupae became adult of fruit flies; 6,50% pupae of fruit flies was attacted by parasitoid; and 24,45% pupae was died. Sex ratio of B. papayae fruit flies in first and second rearing had difference. Sex ratio in first rearing was 1:2, whereas in second rearing was 2:1. The difference of sex ratio was influenced by the richness of chili fruits.

Kata Kunci : Kata kunci: lalat buah, fluktuasi, parasitoid, rasio seks