PENGARUH JENIS FIBER DENGAN ARAH ORIENTASI UNIDIRECTIONAL TERHADAP KEKUATAN FLEKSURAL BAHAN GIGI TIRUAN CEKAT FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITE TEKNIK DIREK

RANI PURBA, drg. Heriyanti Amalia Kusuma, S.U., Sp.Pros (K); drg. M.Th. Esti Tjahjanti, M.Kes., Sp.Pros (K)

2016 | Tesis-Spesialis | SP PROSTODONSIA

Gigi tiruan cekat fiber reinforced composite (GTC FRC) teknik direk merupakan sebuah alternatif sederhana dari GTC konvensional. Jenis dan arah orientasi fiber, seperti orientasi unidirectional (satu arah/anisotropic), dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan kekuatan mekanik bahan GTC FRC. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh jenis fiber dengan arah orientasi unidirectional terhadap kekuatan fleksural bahan GTC FRC teknik direk. Penelitian ini menggunakan 27 sampel komposit flowable (Kerr, USA) dalam bentuk balok (2x2x25mm) (ISO 4049) untuk uji fleksural. Sampel dibagi dalam 3 kelompok (tiap kelompok terdiri dari 9 subjek) yaitu kelompok 1 (kontrol) tanpa diperkuat fiber, kelompok 2 dengan penambahan fiber sintetis polyethylene orientasi unidirectional dan kelompok 3 dengan penambahan fiber alam rami orientasi unidirectional. Seluruh sampel dilakukan penyinaran dengan LED visible light curing unit (Delma) selama 20 detik dan disimpan di inkubator dengan temperatur 37ºC selama 24 jam. Pengujian kekuatan fleksural menggunakan alat universal testing machine (UTM). Analisis data menggunakan uji ANAVA satu arah dengan probabilitas lebih kecil dari 5% (p<0,05) dan analisis LSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rerata kekuatan fleksural tertinggi pada kelompok fiber sintetis polyethylene orientasi unidirectional 267,17 MPa dan terendah pada kelompok kontrol 104,67 MPa. Hasil uji ANAVA satu arah menunjukkan perbedaan kekuatan fleksural terhadap penambahan jenis fiber dengan arah orientasi unidirectional (p<0,05). Analisis LSD menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna rerata kekuatan fleksural antar kelompok (p<0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kekuatan fleksural bahan GTC FRC teknik direk meningkat pada penambahan fiber dengan arah orientasi unidirectional. Pada penambahan fiber polyethylene memiliki rerata kekuatan fleksural tertinggi.

Fiber reinforced composite (FRC) in fixed partial denture (FPD) with direct technique is a simple alternative of conventional FPD. The fiber types and orientation, such as unidirectional orientation (one-way/anisotropic), can affect the increasing mechanical strength of the FRC in FPD material. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fiber types with unidirectional orientation on flexural strength of FRC in FPD with direct technique material. This study used 27 samples of flowable composite (Kerr, USA) block (2x2x25mm) (ISO 4049) for flexural test. The samples were divided into 3 groups (each group consisted of 9 subjects): group 1 (control group) without reinforced fiber, group 2 with the addition of synthetic polyethylene fiber with unidirectional orientation and group 3 with the addition of natural ramie fiber with unidirectional orientation. All of the samples were light cured with visible LED light curing unit (Delma) for 20 second and kept in an incubator at a temperature of 37ºC for 24 hours. Flexural strength testing measured a universal testing machine (UTM). Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test with a probability of less than 5% (p<0.05) and LSD analysis. The results showed that the group of synthetic polyethylene fiber with unidirectional orientation had the highest flexural strength 267.17 MPa and the control group had the lowest 104.67 MPa. One-way ANOVA test result showed difference flexural strength on the effect of the fiber types with unidirectional orientation (p<0.05). LSD analysis showed significant differences flexural strength between groups (p<0.05). The conclusion of this study was the addition of fibers with unidirectional orientation increased flexural strength of FRC in FPD with direct techniques material. In addition of polyethylene fiber had the highest flexural strength.

Kata Kunci : fiber polyethylene, fiber rami, unidirectional, fleksural