SISTEM SAPAAN BAHASA BUGIS

FATMAWATI U., S.PD., Prof. Dr. I Dewa Putu Wijana, S.U., M.A.

2016 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Linguistik

Penelitian ini membahas tentang sistem sapaan dalam bahasa Bugis. Penelitian bertujuan untuk (1) mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk sapaan bahasa Bugis, (2) mendeskripsikan sapaan bahasa Bugis berdasarkan makna dan faktor yang memengaruhi penggunaan sapaan, dan (3) mendeskripsikan kaidah sosiolinguistik yang mengatur penggunaan sapaan. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode simak dan teknik catat serta metode introspektif. Analisis data menggunakan metode padan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: (1) bentuk sapaan bahasa Bugis sangat bervarias berupa kata dasar lengkap dan tidak lengkap, kata turunan, dan frase. Berdasarkan distribusinya, sapaan dapat menempati posisi awal, tengah, dan akhir klausa, (2) Sapaan berdasarkan makna terdiri dari sapaan nama diri, sapaan pronomina persona, sapaan kekerabatan, sapaan jabatan dan profesi, sapaan gelar, sapaan religius, sapan persahabatan, dan sapaan julukan. Faktor yang memengaruhi pengunaan sapaan tersebut yaitu situasi, kekerabatan, keintiman atau keakraban, umur, status sosial, jenis kelamin, status perkawinan, etnik, asal, dan kebangsawanan, (3) kaidah penggunaan sapaan meliputi kaidah alternasi, kaidah kookurensi, dan kaidah kolokasi. Sistem sapaan dalam bahasa Bugis dapat terdiri dari beberapa rangkaian sapaan yang sederhana dan kompleks.

This research discusses about Buginese address system. The aims of this research are: (1) to describe the forms of Buginese address system, (2) to describe the address based on the meanings and the factors that influence the use of address, and (3) to describe the sociolinguistic rules that set the use of address. To collect the data, the researcher uses listening method and note taking technique, and also introspective method. Meanwhile, the researcher uses identity method to analyze the data. This research results are as follows: (1) the form of address in Buginese consists of complete and incomplete basic words, derivative words, and phrases. Based on the distribution, address can take at the beginning, at the middle, and at the end position of the clause, (2) address based on the meanings consists of proper name address, personal pronoun address, kinship address, occupational and professional address, title address, religious address, friendship address, and nick address. The factors that influence the use of the address are situation, kinship, intimacy or familiarity, age, social status, sex, marital status, ethnic, origin, and nobility, (3) the rules of use of the address includes alternation rule, coocurence rule, and collocation rule. The address system in Buginese consists of a series of simple and complex address.

Kata Kunci : Sapaan, Bentuk, Makna, Faktor Sosial, Kaidah