EVALUASI PERESEPAN PASIEN JAMINAN KESEHATAN NASIONAL BERDASARKAN INDIKATOR PERESEPAN WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION 1993 DAN FORMULARIUM NASIONAL DI PUSKESMAS JETIS YOGYAKARTA

GHEA GARTIKA, Septimawanto Dwi P, M.Si., Apt

2016 | Skripsi | S1 FARMASI

INTISARI Obat memiliki persentase yang besar terhadap biaya perawatan kesehatan dan penggunaannya harus dilakukan secara optimal. Indikator yang dapat dipakai untuk melihat penggunaan obat adalah indikator peresepan WHO 1993. Indikator WHO 1993 digunakan sebagai metode dasar untuk menilai penggunaan obat di Puskesmas. Puskesmas merupakan penyedia layanan kesehatan tingkat pertama untuk pasien Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN). Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui kesesuaian resep pasien JKN di Puskesmas Jetis Yogyakarta dengan indikator WHO 1993 dan Formularium Nasional 2015. Penelitian dilakukan secara deskriptif. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara retrospektif. Sampel diambil dengan metode simple random sampling. Analisa data dilakukan secara kuantitatif. Aspek analisa data meliputi rata-rata jumlah obat per lembar resep, persentase obat generik, persentase resep berisi antibiotik, persentase resep berisi injeksi, dan kesesuaian obat dengan Formularium Nasional 2015. Data diambil sebanyak 600 lembar resep dari pasien JKN rawat jalan periode Januari-Juni 2015 di Puskesmas Jetis Yogyakarta. Total populasi adalah 6.682 resep. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata jumlah item obar per lembar resep sebesar 3,16 item obat, persentase penggunaan obat generik adalah 81,43%, persentase penggunaan antibiotik adalah 15,5%, dan persentase penggunaan injeksi sebesar 2,33%. Hasil kesesuaian obat dengan Formularium Nasional 2015 adalah 61,97%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah item obat tiap lembar resep, penggunaan obat generik, dan kesesuaian obat dengan Formularium Nasional 2015 belum sesuai dengan indikator peresepan WHO 1993.

Drug has a great percentage of health care cost and the use of drug must be done optimally. One of the indicators that can be used to see the drug use is the WHO prescribing indicator 1993. This indicator is used as the basic method to assess the drug use at community health center (Puskesmas). Puskesmas is the health primary service provider for members of National Health Insurance (JKN). This study aims to determine the suitability of JKN�¢ï¿½ï¿½s patients prescription at Puskesmas Jetis Yogyakarta with WHO prescribing indicator 1993 and National Formulary 2015. This study methodology is descriptive. The data was taken retrospectively. Samples were determined by simple random sampling method. The data were analyzed quantitatively. The aspects of data analysis were the average number of drug encounter, the percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name, the percentage of encounter drugs with an antibiotic prescribed, the percentage of encounter with an injection prescribed, percentage of drugs prescribed with National Formulary 2015. There were total 600 prescriptions used as data in this study, all of which reserved for JKN outpatients in January-June 2015 at Puskesmas Jetis Yogyakarta. Total population were 6.682 prescription. The result of this study shows that the average number of drug encounter was 3,16 items per sheet, the percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was 81,43%, the percentage of encounter with an antibiotic prescribed was 15,5%, the percentage of encounter with an injection prescribed was 2,33%. Percentage of drugs prescribed for National Formulary 2015 was 61,97%. Results show that average number of drug encounter, percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name, and percentage of drugs prescribed for National Formulary 2015 was not appropriate with indicator prescribing WHO 1993.

Kata Kunci : indikator, peresepan, WHO, JKN