PENGARUH PEMBERIAN L-FENILALANIN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KADAR KUERSETIN KULTUR TUNAS Scoparia dulcis L.

KHUSNUL FADHILAH, Djoko Santosa, S.Si., M.Si.

2016 | Skripsi | S1 FARMASI

Scoparia dulcis L. merupakan salah satu tumbuhan yang tumbuh liar dan mengandung metabolit sekunder yang memiliki beberapa aktivitas. Salah satu senyawa yang terkandung dalam S.dulcis adalah senyawa flavonol kuersetin. Kuersetin merupakan suatu senyawa yang memiliki beberapa aktivitas, di antaranya sebagai antioksidan dan antikanker. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian L-fenilalanin terhadap produksi kuersetin pada kultur tunas S.dulcis. Sumber eksplan yang digunakan adalah ruas batang S.dulcis yang disterilisasi dengan larutan sublimat 0,015% selama 1 jam. Eksplan diinokulasi secara aseptik ke dalam media Murashige Skoog (MS) cair berisi fenilalanin dengan kadar 0,001% b/v; 0,002% b/v; 0,004% b/v; 0,008% b/v selama 15 menit pada suhu 22oC . Selanjutnya eksplan ditanam pada media MS cair dan diinkubasi selama 24 jam. Tunas dipanen, dikeringkan dan dihaluskan. Serbuk tunas diekstraksi dengan metanol dan direfluks selama 10 menit. Ekstrak dianalisis secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT). Hasil analisis dengan fase diam silika gel 60 F254 dan fase gerak kloroform: metanol (95:5) deteksi UV254, UV366 dan pereaksi sitroborat menunjukkan bahwa tunas hasil kultur memiliki profil kromatografi yang mirip dengan tumbuhan asalnya. Hasil analisis kuantitatif KLT-densitometri dengan fase diam selulosa dan fase gerak n-butanol:asam asetat : air (4:1:5) menunjukkan bahwa pemberian fenilalanin dengan kadar 0,001% b/v; 0,002% b/v; 0,004% b/v; 0,008% b/v belum menunjukkan peningkatan produksi kuersetin dibandingkan dengan kontrol.

Scoparia dulcis L. is a plant that grows wild and contains secondary metabolites that have many activities. One of the compounds contained in S.dulcis is flavonol compound quercetin. Quercetin is a compound that has several activities, including as an antioxidant and anticancer properties. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of L-phenylalanine in quercetin production of S.dulcis shoot culture. Explants that used for shoot culture was nodes from S.dulcis stem. The stem nodes were sterilized with sublimat 0.015% solution for 1 hour and inoculated aseptically in solid Murashige Skoog (MS) medium. Shoots were grown for 8 weeks from the nodes. The shoots were inoculated aseptically into liquid Murashige Skoog (MS) contains L-phenylalanine in concentration 0.001% w/v; 0.002% w/v; 0.004% w/v; 0.008% w/v for 15 minutes at a temperature of 22-26oC. Furthermore, the shoots were inoculated on MS liquid medium and incubated for 24 hours. Shoots were harvested and dried. Powdered shoots were extracted with methanol and refluxed for 10 minutes. Extracts were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using thin layer chromatography (TLC). The results of the analysis with adsorbent silica gel 60 F254 and the mobile phase chloroform: methanol (95: 5) detection of UV254, UV366 and sitroborat reagent showed that shoots cultures had similar chromatographic profile with native plants. The results of quantitative analysis by TLC-densitometry with adsorbent cellulose and the mobile phase n-butanol: acetic acid: water (4: 1: 5) (upper phase) showed that the L-phenylalanine in concentration 0.001% w/v; 0.002% w/v; 0.004% w/v; 0.008% w/v did not increase the quercetin production in S.dulcis shoot culture compared to control.

Kata Kunci : Scoparia dulcis, kultur tunas, L-fenilalanin, flavonoid, kuersetin