Sekuritisasi Isu Imigran di Uni Eropa: Krisis Mediterania 2011 - 2015

ANNISA FITRIA SARI, Titik Firawati, MA

2016 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL

Selama periode 2011 hingga 2015, terdapat lonjakan jumlah imigran ilegal yang masuk ke Uni Eropa melalui jalur-jalur Mediterania. Imigran sendiri didominasi oleh para pengungsi konflik dari negara-negara Timur Tengah dan Afrika yang kondisi politik ekonominya sedang berkecamuk. Namun, terdapat pula imigran ekonomi ilegal yang berusaha mendapat penghidupan lebih layak di negara-negara Uni Eropa. Meski erat kaitannya dengan krisis kemanusiaan, arus imigran kali ini cenderung dikonstruksikan sebagai isu keamanan oleh negara-negara anggota Uni Eropa. Pembingkaian krisis imigran sebagai ancaman eksistensial menjadikan isu ini prioritas masalah keamanan, hingga memunculkan kepanikan politik dalam respon negara-negara Uni Eropa terhadap krisis imigran Mediterania 2011 - 2015. Berangkat dari latar belakang tersebut, skripsi ini berusaha untuk membahas proses sekuritisasi pada penanganan krisis Mediterania 2011 -2015 di level nasional negara anggota hingga ke level regional Uni Eropa.

We have seen huge influx of illegal migrants coming to European Union through Mediterranean routes during the period of 2011 - 2015. Most of the migrants were the refugees from the Middle-Eastern and African countries which have been currently in conflict and raging political economic situation. However, there were also some illegal migrants who mingled with the refugees with a purpose pursuing a better life in European Union member states. Although this phenomenon is closely related to the humanitarian crisis, the illegal migrant's wave this time tends to be perceived as a security issue by the member states of European Union. The framing of the migrants crisis as existential threat has made this issue a top security agenda; hence it brings up panic politic on the member states responses to the Mediterranean migrant crisis 2011 - 2015. Considering those backgrounds, this mini-thesis tries to explain how the securitization on the resolving process of Meditteranean migrants crisis 2011 - 2015 from the national level to the regional level.

Kata Kunci : sekuritisasi, krisis, imigran, Uni Eropa, negara anggota, Mediterania, level, nasional, regional