Serapan N dan Si Padi Sawah Konvensional Menuju Sawah Organik pada Entisol Berbah yang Diberi Pupuk Organik dan Silika

ASTUTININGSIH, Dr. Ir. Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami, M.P., M.Sc. ; Ir. Mulyono Nitisapto, M.S.

2016 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU TANAH

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk kandang, pupuk majemuk dan pupuk silika terhadap serapan Nitrogen dan Silika tanaman padi serta mengetahui takaran pupuk terbaik bagi tanaman berdasarkan perlakuan pada awal konversi sistem pertanian konvensional ke organik. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali yaitu sebelum tanam, vegetatif dan generatif. Kandungan N total tanah dianalisis menggunakan metode Kjeldahl dan N total jaringan menggunakan metode destruksi basah dengan asam sulfat dan asam peroksida. Kandungan Si tersedia tanah dianalisis dengan metode buffer P pH 6,2 dan kandungan Si total jaringan menggunakan metode destruksi basah dengan asam nitrat dan asam perklorat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian pupuk kandang, pupuk majemuk dan pupuk silika berpengaruh nyata terhadap sifat-sifat kimia tanah seperti pH aktual, pH potensial, N total tanah, N total jaringan, serapan N jaringan, Si tersedia tanah, Si total jaringan dan serapan Si pada fase vegetatif dan generatif tanaman padi. Kombinasi jenis dan takaran pupuk berdasarkan serapan N dan Si fase generatif serta tinggi tanaman dan jumlah anakan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan P4T8 (pupuk kandang 6 ton/ha+pupuk majemuk organik 6 ton/ha+pupuk silika 500 kg/ha) merupakan takaran yang terbaik pada awal konversi sistem pertanian konvensional ke organik dengan produktivitas sebesar 0,93 ton/ha.

This research was aimed to determine manure, organic compound fertilizer and silica fertilizer affecting the availability and uptake of Si and N on rice plants as well as determine the better dose of fertilizers at the beginning of the conversion of conventional to organic farming systems. Soil sampling was taken 3 times that is before planting, vegetative phase and generative phase. Total soil of N content was analyzed using the Kjeldahl method and the N total tissue using wet digestion with sulfuric acid and peroxide acid. The content of available soil Si analyzed by phosphate buffer method pH 6.2 and total Si content tissue using wet digestion with nitric and perchloric acid. The results of this researsh showed that manure, organic compound fertilizer and silica fertilizer significantly affect the chemical properties of the soil such as pH actual, pH potential, N soil total, N tissue total, N uptake tissue, available soil Si, and Si tissue total absorption in vegetative and generative phase of the rice plant. The combination of the type and dose of fertilizer based on the uptake of N and Si generative phase, as well as plant height and number of clumps showed that treatment P4T8 (manure 6 tonnes/ha + organic compound fertilizer 6 tonnes/ha + fertilizer silica to 500 kg/ha) was the optimal dose in the beginning conversion of conventional to organic farming systems with the productivity is 0,93 tonnes/ha.

Kata Kunci : pupuk organik, pupuk silika, serapan N, serapan Si