Prarancangan Pabrik Allil Khlorid dari Propilen dan Gas Khlor Kapasitas 50.000 Ton/Tahun

ANGGIA DWI SEVINA, Ir. Wahyu Hasokowati, M.A.Sc.

2016 | Skripsi | S1 TEKNIK KIMIA

Allil khlorid dibuat dengan cara khlorinasi gas propilen. Reaksi ini dijalankan pada multitubular reactor yang dilengkapi dengan pendingin Dowtherm-A. Pabrik dirancang beroperasi dengan kapasitas 50.000 ton/tahun, dengan kebutuhan propilen sebanyak 3887,37 kg/jam dan khlor sebanyak 7046,75 kg/jam. Kebutuhan utilitas meliputi air sebanyak 8718,16 kg/jam, listrik 173,3755 kVA, bahan bakar berupa fuel oil sebanyak 1276,18 kg/jam dan udara tekan (STP) sebanyak 150 m3/jam. Pabrik ini direncanakan didirikan pada tahun 2020 di kawasan industri Krakatau Steel, Cilegon, Banten. Luas tanah yang digunakan sebanyak 21,6 Ha. Pabrik bekerja secara kontinu selama 24 jam per hari selama 330 hari per tahun dengan jumlah karyawan 216 orang. Kebutuhan modal tetap, FCI sebesar US$ 10,054,842.80 + Rp 61.680.933.574,72 dan modal kerja sebesar US$ 11,315,527.14 + Rp 249.567.773.058,57. Profit sebelum pajak sebesar Rp 111.639.187.524,13 dan setelah pajak Rp 55.819.593.762,06. ROI sebelum pajak 52,54% dan setelah pajak 26,27%. POT (Pay Out Time) sebelum pajak 1,6 tahun dan setelah pajak 2,76 tahun. BEP (Break Even Point) sebesar 43,10% dari kapasitas maksimum produksi sedangkan SDP (Shut Down Point) sebesar 29,41%. Dengan pertimbangan sifat dari bahan baku dan produk, kondisi operasi, serta pabrik ini belum pernah didirikan di Indonesia, maka pabrik ini digolongkan sebagai pabrik berisiko tinggi. Batasan yang berlaku adalah nilai BEP 40-60% untuk pabrik di Indonesia, ROI sebelum pajak minimum 44%, POT sebelum pajak maksimum 2 tahun dan Discounted cash flow rate of return (DCFRR) yang 1,5x lebih tinggi dari suku bunga bank. Berdasarkan hasil analisa ekonomi dan batasan yang berlaku, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa "Prarancangan Pabrik Allil Khlorid dari Propilen dan Gas Khlor dengan kapasitas 50.000 ton per tahun" ini menarik untuk dikaji lebih lanjut.

Allyl chloride is made by propylene chlorination mechanism. The reaction is run in a multitubular reactor that has been equipped with Dowtherm-A. The plant was designed to operate on the capacity of 50,000 tons/year, propylene needed as much as 3887.37 kg / hour and chlor needed as much as 7046.75 kg / hour. Utilities needed, water as much as 8718,16 kg / hour, electricity as much as 173,3755 kVA, fuel oil as much as 1276.18 kg / hour and compressed air (STP) as much as 150 m3/hour. The plant is going to construct in 2020 in the Krakatau Steel industrial area, Cilegon, Banten. Land used as many as 21,6 hectares. Plant work continuously for 24 hours per day for 330 days per year with 216 employees. Fixed Capital Investment (FCI) as much as US$ 10,054,842.80 + Rp 61.680.933.574,72 and working capital as much as US$ 11,315,527.14 + Rp 249.567.773.058,57. Profit before tax is Rp 111.639.187.524,13 and after tax is Rp 55.819.593.762,06. ROI before tax is 52,54% and after tax is 26,27%. POT (Pay Out Time) before tax is 1,6 year and after tax is 2,76 year. BEP (Break Even Point) is 43,10% from maximum production capacity whereas SDP (Shut Down Point) is 29,41%. With consideration of the characteristic of the raw materials and products, operating conditions, and also this plant has never been established in Indonesia, then this plant is classified as high-risk plant. The restriction that applies is the value of BEP is 40-60% for plants in Indonesia, minimum ROI before tax of 44%, two years maximum POT before tax, and discounted cash flow rate of return (DCFRR) which is 1,5 times higher than bank interest rates. Based on the results of the economic analysis and constraints, it can be concluded that the "Pre-draft Allyl Chloride Plant from Propylene and Chlorine with the capacity of 50,000 tons per year" is interesting to be studied further.

Kata Kunci : Allil Khlorid, Propilen, Gas Khlor, Khlorinasi, Allyl Chloride, Propylene, Chlor, chlorination