BENTONIT TERPILAR Al2O3 TERIMPREGNASI Ni SEBAGAI KATALIS HIDRORENGKAH MINYAK JARAK

FRISKA NOVA S, Prof. Dr. Karna Wijaya, M.Eng; Dr. Akhmad Syoufian

2016 | Skripsi | S1 KIMIA

Telah dilakukan preparasi dan karakterisasi katalis Ni-Al2O3/bentonit untuk katalis hidrorengkah minyak jarak. Modifikasi katalis yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini meliputi aktivasi bentonit dengan HF 1% dan H2SO4 1,2 M, pemilaran bentonit menggunakan Al2O3 dan pengembanan logam Ni dengan metode impregnasi. Katalis dikarakterisasi menggunakan X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), X-ray Fluoresence (XRF), Gas Sorption analysis (BET), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) dan metode gravimetri. Proses hidrorengkah dilakukan dalam reaktor pada suhu 500 ���ºC selama 2 jam dan produk dianalisis menggunakan GC-MS (Gas Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa luas permukaan, jari-jari pori, volume pori dan keasaman katalis Ni-Al2O3/bentonit berturut-turut adalah 63,075 m2/g, 9,34 ���, 1,47 cc/g dan 3,25 mmol/gram. Konversi produk tertinggi yang diperoleh yaitu sebesar 65,46%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa impregnasi logam Ni dapat meningkatkan aktivitas katalitik katalis dari 48,83% menjadi 65,46%.

The preparation and characterization of Ni-Al2O3/bentonite catalyst for castor oil hydrocracking have been performed. The modification of catalyst conducted in this research were activation of bentonite using HF 1% and H2SO4 1.2 M, pillarization of bentonite by Al2O3 and impregnation of Ni metal. The catalyst were characterized with X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), X-ray Fluoresence (XRF), Gas Sorption analysis (BET), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) and gravimetric method. The hydrocracking process was carried out in a reactor at 500 ���ºC for 2 hours and the product was analyzed with GC-MS (Gas Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) method. The result showed that surface area, pore radius, total pore volume, and acidity of Ni-Al2O3/bentonite were 63.075 m2/g, 9.34 ���, 1.47 cc/g and 3.25 mmol/gram respectively. The highest conversion which was obtained was 65.46%. These result showed that impregnation of Ni metal increased the catalytic activity of the catalyst from 48.83% into 65.46%.

Kata Kunci : Bentonit/ Bentonite, hidrorengkah/ hydrocracking, minyak jarak/ castor oil, Ni-Al2O3/bentonit