SELF-EFFICACY, DEPENDENT-CARE AGENCY (DCA), DUKUNGAN SOSIAL DENGAN PERILAKU PEMBERIAN MAKAN ORANGTUA PADA ANAK USIA 1-3 TAHUN DI DEPOK SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA

YULI ERNAWATI, DR. Toto Sudargo, SKM., M. Kes.; Ibu Lely Lusmilasari, SKp., MKes., PhD.

2016 | Tesis | S2 Keperawatan

Latar belakang: Anak usia 1-3 tahun belum mandiri, membutuhkan orangtua sebagai gate keeper dalam perilaku pemberian makan. Pemberian makan yang tepat penting untuk mempertahankan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan serta status kesehatan. Perilaku pemberian makan orangtua belum optimal. Perilaku pemberian makan orangtua berkaitan dengan Dependent-Care Agency(DCA), selfefficacy, dukungan sosial. Penelitian perilaku pemberian makan orangtua belum banyak dilakukan. Pemaha man perilaku pemberian makan orangtua membantu perawat melakukan pengkajian keperawatan. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan self-efficacy, DCA, dukungan sosial dengan perilaku pemberian makan orangtua Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif analitik, pendekatan cross sectional di 18 Posyandu Balita wilayah Depok Sleman Yogyakarta, Oktober 2014-Januari 2015. Responden adalah 243 orangtua, melalui consecutive sampling sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pengukuran dengan kuesioner. Analisisnya menggunakan frekuensi, spearman, uji T independen/man whitney, one way anova/kruskal wallis, serta regresi linier. Hasil : Hubungan DCA dengan perilaku pemberian makan orangtua didapatkan pvalue< 0,001; r=0,4. Hubungan self-efficacy dengan perilaku pemberian makan orangtua didapatkan p-value<0,001; r=0,4. Hubungan dukungan sosial dengan perilaku pemberian makan orangtua didapatkan p-value=0,01; r=0,2. DCA, Dukungan sosial, self-efficacy secara bersamaan berhubungan dengan perilaku pemberian makan orangtua dengan nilai R 2 =0,280; p<0,05. Orangtua masih kurang dalam mempelajari bagaimana menyiapkan menu yang sehat, mengidentifikasi peralatan atau perlengkapan makan yang tepat dari berbagai sumber, memberikan penghargaan untuk mempertahankan perilaku makan anak yang baik. Kesimpulan : DCA, dukungan sosial, self-efficacy berhubungan dengan perilaku pemberian makan orangtua. Penelitian berikutnya perlu membedakan perilaku pemberian makan orangtua diantara berbagai kelompok status gizi anak.

Background: 1-3 years old children have not been self-sufficient, still need parents as a gate keeper in feeding behavior. Proper feeding is important to sustain growth, development, and health status. Parental feeding behavior is not optimal. Parental feeding behavior is associated with Dependent-Care Agency (DCA), self-efficacy, and social support. Research on parental feeding behavior has not been conducted commonly. Understanding of the feeding behavior of parents to help nurses perform nursing assessment. Objective: To determine the relationship of self-efficacy, DCA, social support and parental feeding behavior Method: a descriptive analytic cross-sectional study in 18 Posyandu / Integrated Health Center (IHC)of toddler at Depok Sleman Yogyakarta, throughout October 2014-January 2015. The respondents were 243 parents, obtained through consecutive sampling with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Measurement was achieved with questionnaire analyzed with frequency analysis, Spearman, independent T test / Man Whitney, One Way ANOVA / Kruskal Wallis test, and linear regression. Results: relationship between DCA and parental feeding behavior was obtained pvalue<0.001; r=0.4. Relationship between self-efficacy and parental feeding behavior was obtained p-value<0.001; r=0.4. relationship between social support and parental feeding behavior was obtained p-value=0.01; r=0.2. DCA, social support, and self-efficacy simultaneously are associated with parental feeding behavior with R =0.280; p<0.05. Parents were still lack of learning on how to prepare a healthy menu, to identify equipment, or to supply food right from a variety of sources, to give awards to maintain good eating behavior of children. Conclusion: DCA, social support, and self-efficacy are related to parental feeding behavior. The next studies are needed to distinguish between parental feeding behavior among the groups with various nutritional status of children.

Kata Kunci : DCA, self-efficacy, social support, parental feeding behavior, toddler