KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN POPULASI WHITEFLY (HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE) PADA SISTEM KONVENSIONAL DAN ORGANIK TANAMAN STROBERI (Fragaria sp.) DI KOPENG, SALATIGA, JAWA TENGAH

RONI PUTRO MIANTO, Dr. R.C. Hidayat Soesilohadi, M.S.

2016 | Tesis | S2 Biologi

Stroberi (Fragaria sp.) merupakan salah satu buah yang memiliki nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Stroberi merupakan tanaman yang rentan terhadap serangan hama whitefly. Kemunculan whitefly sering tidak terduga, oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat keanekaragaman, kemelimpahan, dan pola pertumbuhan populasi whitefly pada tanaman stroberi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Kopeng, Jawa Tengah. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan survey deskriptif dengan metode sampling lahan 10 x 10 m2 dengan lima plot. Parameter yang diamati yaitu keanekaragaman dan pertumbuhan populasi whitefly pada tanaman stroberi organik dan konvensional. Data dianalisis dengan uji korelasi dan regresi. Berdasarkan identifikasi puparium, ditemukan 1 jenis whitefly yaitu Bemisia tabaci. Jumlah populasi tertinggi Bemisia tabaci pada sistem pertanian organik yaitu 30 ekor/plot pada umur 85 HST, dan pada sistem konvensional 11 ekor/plot pada umur 95 HST. Kemelimpahan dan pola pertumbuhan populasi Bemisia tabaci pada tanaman stroberi dipengaruhi oleh umur tanaman dan musuh alami, serta faktor lingkungan yaitu suhu, kelembaban, kecepatan angin, dan curah hujan.

Strawberry (Fragaria Sp.) is a kind of high economic value fruits. Strawberry is plants that are susceptible attack by pest whitefly. The emergence of whitefly often unpredictable, therefore, this study aimed to look at the diversity, abundance, and population growth patterns whitefly on strawberry plants. The research was conducted in the Kopeng village, Central Java. Data collection was performed with a descriptive survey sampling method land 10 x 10 m2 with five plots. Observed parameters were the diversity and growth of whitefly populations on organic and conventional strawberry plants. Data were analyzed with correlation and regression tests. Based on the puparium identification was found one type of whitefly that was Bemisia tabaci. The highest number of the population of Bemisia tabaci in organic farming systems was 30 individuals/plot at the age of 85 DAT, and the conventional system was 11 individuals/plot at the age of 95 DAT. Abundance and population growth patterns Bemisia tabaci on strawberry plants were affected such as age of plant and natural enemies, as well as everonmental factors that were temperature, humidity, wind speed, and precipitation.

Kata Kunci : Stroberi, Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, Keanekaragaman, Populasi