HUBUNGAN SENSITISASI ALERGEN KEPITING DENGAN KEJADIAN DERMATITIS ATOPI PADA ANAK

GANDHES ANGGRISKA WIDRIAVI, dr. Sumadiono, Sp.A(K); dr. Cahya Dewi Satria, Sp.A

2015 | Skripsi | S1 PENDIDIKAN DOKTER

Latar Belakang:Dermatitis atopi (DA) merupakan penyakit inflamasi kronis yang prevalensinya semakin meningkat baik di negara maju (3% menjadi 15%), maupun negara berkembang (10-20%). Kepiting sebagai salah satu faktor nutrisipenyebab DA mengalami peningkatan prevalensi di Asia (Taipei, Singapura, dan China). Selain itu, kandungan tropomyosin dan arginin kinase sebagai alergen utama kepiting memiliki manifestasi yang lebih berat dibandingkan alergen makanan lain. Belum adanya penelitian yang serupa turut membuat penelitian ini penting untuk diteliti. Tujuan:Mengetahui hubungan sensitisasi alergen kepiting dengan kejadian dermatitis atopi pada anak. Metode:Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian potong lintang. Subyek penelitian adalah anak usia sekolah PAUD hingga SD di Yogyakarta pada bulan April-September 2013. Sampel dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil:Dari 396 Subyek,didapatkan jenis kelamin lakilaki sebesar 176 (44,4%) Subyek dan perempuan sebesar 220 (55,6%) Subyek, dengan median usia 8 tahun dan riwayat atopikeluarga sebesar 71 (17,9%) Subyek. terdapat 80 (20,2%) Subyekmengalami DA dan 316 (79,8%) Subyek tidak mengalami DA. Dari 80 Subyek DA, didapatkan11 (2,7%) Subyek memiliki hasil uji tusuk kulit positif terhadap alergen kepiting. Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara sensitisasi alergen kepiting dengan kejadian dermatitisatopi pada anak (p = 0,513). Kesimpulan:Tidak terdapat hubungan antara sensitisasi alergen kepiting dengan kejadian dermatitis atopi pada anak.

Background:Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory disease which prevalence is increasing in developed countries (3% to 15%) and developing countries (10-20%). Crab as nutritional cause of AD had an increase in prevalence in Asia (Taipei, Singapore, and China). The content of tropomyosin and arginine kinase as a crab major allergen has worst manifestations compared to other food allergens. The absence of similar studies made this research important to investigate. Objective:To determine the relationship between crab allergen sensitization with the occurence of atopic dermatitis in children. Method:The study design is a cross sectional study. Subjects were children in school agefrom play group until elementary school in Yogyakarta, April-September 2013. Sample was selected based on the inclusion criteria. This study is statistically analyzed using chi square. Results:From 396 subjects, there were 176 (44,4%) boys and 220 (55,6%) girls, with 8 year of median age and 71 (17,9%) subject with history of atopic. There were 80 (20,2%) subject who had AD and 316 (79,8%)who did not had AD. From 80 AD subjects, 11 (2,7%) subjects had a positive skin prick test results to crab allergens. There is no significant association between crab allergens sensitization with the occurrence of atopic dermatitis in children (p = 0.513). Conclusion: There is no relationship between crab allergen sensitization withthe occurence of atopic dermatitis in children.

Kata Kunci : dermatitis atopi, alergen kepiting, sensitisasi, uji tusuk kulit