POTENSI BIOMASSA, KARBON SONOBRIT (Dalbergia sissoo) DAN PELUANGNYA DALAM PERDAGANGAN KARBON DI KPH SURAKARTA PERUM PERHUTANI DIVISI REGIONAL JAWA TENGAH

LASTRI SETIARTI, Ris Hadi Purwanto; Ahmad Maryudi

2016 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Mitigasi perubahan iklim, serta kontribusi sektor kehutanan sebagai sumber maupun penyerap CO2 membuat peran hutan semakin penting. Mitigasi perubahan iklim dapat dilakukan dengan peningkatan cadangan karbon melalui upaya pembangunan hutan tanaman dan pengelolaan hutan lestari melalui skema REDD+. Perum Perhutani sebagai pengelola hutan di wilayah Jawa dan Madura, mempunyai peran mitigasi perubahan iklim, peningkatan cadangan karbon dan berpeluang dalam perdagangan karbon. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui proporsi dan potensi simpanan biomassa, karbon dan serapan CO2 melalui persamaan allometriknya dan peluangnya dalam perdagangan karbon. Penelitian berlokasi di KPH Surakarta BH Wonogiri. Metode pendugaan kandungan biomassa dan karbon untuk allometrik dengan pendekatan purposive sampling melalui destructive sampling dengan sampel 25 pohon menggunakan metode Walkley and Black. Perhitungan potensi biomasa dan karbon di KPH Surakarta menggunakan data risalah tahun 2015. Peluang perdagangan karbon, dilakukan dengan studi literatur dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proporsi biomassa yang didapat dari persamaan allometriknya berturut-turut, batang 64%, cabang dan ranting 24%, akar 9% dan daun 3%. Proporsi kandungan karbon berturut-turut pada batang 62%, cabang dan ranting 23%, akar 12% dan 3%. Potensi biomassa 3.873,82 ton atau rata-rata 50,43 ton/ha, potensi karbon 1.604,97 ton dengan simpanan karbon 21,04 ton/ha dan potensi penyerapan CO2 5.890, 24 ton setara 77,22 ton/ha atau 3,22 ton/ha/tahun, dengan persamaan allometriknya berturut-turut Bt = 0,457(DBH)1,955, (R2 = 0,972 dan SEE = 0,261) dan Ct = 0,158(DBH)2,016 (R2 = 0,978 dan SEE = 0,239). Potensi karbon dan CO2 dengan harga $10/ton CO2e diperoleh nilai sebesar Rp. 824.633.600,00 dan berpeluang diusulkan sebagai proyek REDD+ dalam perdagangan karbon melalui pasar sukarela skema standar (VCS).

Mitigation of climate change and forestry sector contribution as the source and CO2 equestration have made the role of forest is increasingly significant. Climate change mitigation, however, can be carried out with the enhancement of carbon stock through various efforts dealing with plantation development and sustainable forest management based on REDD+. Perum Perhutani, which is responsible in managing forest area in Jawa and Madura, plays a central role in climate change mitigation, carbon stock enhancement, and carbon trade prospect. The study aimed to find out the proportion of biomass, carbon, and CO2 sequestration estimated by allometric equations and their prospects in carbon trade. Study was carried out in KPH Surakarta BH Wonogiri. Allometric biomass and carbon model with purposive sampling was used through destructive sampling of 25-trees with the method of Walkley and Black. Estimation of biomass potential was obtained from scientific study in 2015. In addition, literature study and interview were performed to figure out the prevailing carbon trade. Results demonstrated that biomass in tree component parts of boles, branches, roots, and leaves were 64%, 24%, 9%, and 3%, respectively. Estimated carbon in tree component parts of boles, branches, roots, and leaves were 62%, 23%, 12%, and 3%, respectively. Calculation on Dalbergia sissoo also yielded the potential of 3873.82 tons biomass with an average of 50.43 tons/ha and 1604.97 tons carbon with a potential carbon stock of 21.04 tons/ha and CO2 sequestration of 77.22 tons/ha or 3.22 tons/ha/yr. The allometric equations, respectively, were Bt = 0.457(DBH)1.955, (R2 = 0.972 and SEE = 0.261) and Ct = 0.158(DBH)2.016 (R2 = 0.978 and SEE = 0.239). Potential of carbon and CO2e in KPH Surakarta with price of $10/ton CO2e amounted Rp.824.633.600,00 and was eligible to be included in REDD+ projects on carbon trade under the scheme of Voluntary Carbon Standard (VCS).

Kata Kunci : biomassa, karbon, allometrik, sonobrit, perdagangan karbon