Struktur dan Komposisi Vegetasi Lantai serta Potensi Pemanfaatannya di Hutan Kemasyarakatan Watoe Gembel, Kulon Progo, D.I. Yogyakarta

MOH. BADRODIN, Dr. Siti Nurleily Marliana, M.Sc.

2016 | Skripsi | BIOLOGI

Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm) Watoe Gembel merupakan hutan lindung hasil reboisasi hutan negara yang dulunya rusak akibat pembalakan liar. Sebelumnya belum pernah dilakukan penelitian mengenai vegetasi lantai di HKm Watoe Gembel. Penelitian ini berfokus pada struktur dan komposisi vegetasi lantai (semak, liana, herba, rumput, dan paku) serta potensi pemanfaatan jenis-jenis tumbuhan penyusunnya di HKm Watoe Gembel. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan September-Oktober 2015. HKm Watoe Gembel dibagi menjadi 7 stasiun sampling, yaitu Wisata Puncak Dipowono (WP), Wisata Kalibiru (WK) sub 1 dan sub 2, Wisata Watoe Gembel (WG) sub 1 dan sub 2, dan Wilayah Bebas Wisata (WB) sub 1 dan sub 2. Data vegetasi lantai diambil menggunakan kuadrat plot berukuran 2x2 m2. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa vegetasi lantai di HKm Watoe Gembel tersusun atas 33 familia dengan 84 jenis tumbuhan lantai, yang teridiri dari 23 jenis semak, 19 jenis liana, 18 jenis herba, 10 jenis rumput, dan 14 jenis paku. Nilai indeks keragaman Shannon-Wiener berkisar 2,92-4,53 dan nilai indeks kemerataan Pielou berkisar 0,57-0,83. Panicum trigonum dan Oplismenus burmanii merupakan jenis tumbuhan lantai dengan indeks nilai penting tertinggi. Stasiun WK1 dan WG2 memiliki nilai Indeks Similaritas (IS) tertinggi, yaitu 67,88%. Tumbuhan lantai yang potensial yaitu 39 jenis potensial obat, 21 jenis potensial tanaman hias, 15 jenis potensial pakan dan makanan, 14 jenis potensial tanaman penutup lantai hutan, 9 jenis potensial bahan kerajinan.

Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm) Watoe Gembel is a protected forest formed from the reforestation of a state forest that was once destroyed by illegal logging. No previous research has been conducted on the understorey in HKm Watoe Gembel. Therefore, this research focused on the structure and composition of the understorey (shrubs, lianas, herbs, grasses, and ferns), as well as the potential uses of that plant species that are found in HKm Watoe Gembel. The study was conducted in September-October 2015. HKm Watoe Gembel was divided into 7 sampling stations, namely Wisata Puncak Dipowono (WP), Wisata Kalibiru (WK) sub 1 and sub 2, Wisata Watoe Gembel (WG) sub 1 and sub 2, and Wilayah Bebas Wisata (WB) sub 1 and sub 2. Understory data were taken using a 2x2 m2 quadrat plot. The results showed that the understorey in HKm Watoe Gembel was composed of 84 species from 33 families, with 23 shrubs species, 19 lianas species, 18 herbs species, 10 grasses species, and 14 ferns species. The value of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index ranged from 2.92-4.53, while the value of the Pielou evenness index ranged from 0.57-0.83. Panicum trigonum and Oplismenus burmanii were the species with the highest importance value index. WK1 station and WG2 had the highest similarity index (SI), at 67.88%. Of the species found there were 39 potential medical plants, 21 potential ornamental plants, 15 that could be used as feed or food, 14 potential plants for covers the forest floor, and 9 potential plants for craft materials.

Kata Kunci : Kata kunci: hutan lindung, Wisata Kalibiru, indeks nilai penting, potensi tumbuhan lantai