Pengendalian Hayati Penyakit Layu Fusarium pada Tanaman Melon Menggunakan Trichoderma spp.

MONICA PRENATASARI, Dr. Suryanti, S.P., M. P.; Dr. Ir. Arif Wibowo, M. Agr. Sc.

2016 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN

Trichoderma sp. merupakan salah satu organisme yang banyak dilaporkan sebagai agens pengendali hayati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan Trichoderma spp. sebagai Plant Growth Promoting Fungi (PGPF) dan sebagai agens pengendali hayati penyakit layu fusarium pada tanaman melon. Pengujian Trichoderma spp. sebagai PGPF dilakukan dengan aplikasi Trichoderma spp. pada tanaman melon yang dilihat dari parameter agronomis. Pengujian Trichoderma spp. sebagai agens pengendali hayati penyakit layu fusarium dilakukan pada tanaman melon yang ditanam pada tanah yang telah diinokulasi Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ke-7 isolat Trichoderma spp. (PG-1, SWK-1, TH-R.1.2, TH-Prk, TH-JB, TH-LH, dan TH-UH) tidak mampu mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman melon meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat segar, dan berat kering, maupun panjang akar. Hasil uji pengendalian hayati penyakit layu fusarium menunjukkan Trichoderma spp. isolat TH-JB, SWK-1, dan TH-LH mampu menekan insidensi penyakit layu fusarium pada tanaman melon. Perlakuan Trichoderma spp. isolat TH-LH menunjukkan insidensi dan intensitas penyakit terendah yaitu sebesar 0,00% walaupun persentase tanaman melon terinfeksi mencapai 100%.

Trichoderma sp. is one of organisms that widely reported as a biological control agent. The aims of this study were to know the ability of Tricohderma spp. as Plant Growth Promoting Fungi (PGPF) and biological control agents towards fusarium wilt disease of melon. PGPF assay was done by applying Trichoderma spp. to melon seedlings and then the agronomical characters were observed. The ability of Trichoderma spp. as biological control was studied by applying Trichoderma spp. to melon seedlings planted in soil which had been inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis. The result showed that the 7 isolates of Trichoderma spp. (PG-1, SWK-1, TH-R.1.2, TH-Prk, TH-JB, TH-LH, and TH-UH) did not affect melon growth, i. e plant height, number of leaf, root length, fresh and dry weight. However, Trichoderma spp. PG-1 isolate had ability to effect the root growth. The results of biological control study showed that Trichoderma spp. TH-JB, SWK-1, and TH-LH isolates were able to suppress the incidence of fusarium wilt of melon. The results showed that the application of Trichoderma spp. TH-LH isolate resulted the lowest percentage of disease incidence and severity (0,00 %) although the percentage of infected plant was high (100 %).

Kata Kunci : layu fusarium, melon, PGPF, Trichoderma /fusarium wilt, melon, PGPF, Trichoderma