distribusi kurkumin dan kurkuminoid pada empu dan anakan rimpang tanaman temu hitam (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.) serta uji aktivitasnya sebagai antioksidan

SELLY ARVINDA R, Dr. Endang Astuti, M.Si.; Deni Pranowo, S.Si, M.Si

2015 | Skripsi | S1 KIMIA

Telah dilakukan isolasi senyawa kurkumin dan kurkuminoid (demetoksi kurkumin dan bisdemetoksikurkumin) dalam tanaman temu hitam (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.) khususnya pada bagian empu dan anakan rimpang untuk mengetahui distribusi di dalamnya. Senyawa kurkumin dan kurkuminoid tersebut akan diuji aktivitasnya sebagai antioksidan. Selain itu, ditentukan senyawa kurkumin dan kurkuminiod (demetoksikurkumin dan bisdemetoksikurkumin) yang paling efektif berperan sebagai antioksidan tersebut. Metoda isolasi senyawa kurkuminoid dalam rimpang dan anakan rimpang temu hitam dilakukan dengan metode ekstraksi maserasi, dilanjutkan dengan kromatogramrafi lapis tipis preparatif (KLTP) untuk memisahkan senyawa kurkumin dan kurkuminoid menjadi senyawa kurkumin, demetoksikurkumin dan bisdemetoksikurkumin. Senyawa hasil isolasi tersebut diidentifikasi dengan kromatogramrafi lapis tipis (KLT), FTIR dan HPLC serta penentuan kadar sampel menggunakan TLC Scanner. Senyawa kurkuminoid hasil isolasi selanjutnya diuji aktivitasnya sebagai antioksidan menggunakan metode penangkapan radikal bebas dengan DPPH. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa distribusi senyawa kurkumin dan kurkuminoid pada bagian empu dan anakan rimpang memiliki kelimpahan terbanyak pada senyawa demetoksikurkumin sebesar 75,20 dan 57,90%. Urutan kadar kurkumin dan kurkuminoid dalam sampel rimpang temu hitam yakni bisdemetoksikurkumin<kurkumin<demetoksikurkumin. Pada hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan diketahui bahwa ekstrak kurkumin dan kurkuminoid memiliki kemampuan antioksidan lebih baik dibandingkan dengan fraksinya (kurkumin, demetoksikurkumin, bisdemetoksikurkumin) dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 146dan 152µg/mL.Urutan kemampuan antioksidan kurkumin dan kurkuminoid yakni kurkumin anakan rimpang<demetoksikurkumin empu<demetoksikurkumin anakan rimpang<kurkumin empu<bisdemetoksikurkumin anakan rimpang<ekstrak anakan rimpang<ekstrak empu<bisdemetoksikurkumin anakan rimpang.

Curcumin and curcuminoid compound (demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin) in C. aeruginosaRoxb., especially at the mother and finger rhizome of its plant has been isolation to know their distribution. Curcumin and curcuminoid compound will be tested as an antioxidant. In addition, the compounds in the mother and finger rhizome are determined which one is the most effectively as antioxidants. Curcumin and curcuminoid compounds in the mother and finger rhizome of C. aeruginosa Roxb.wereisolated by maceration extraction method, followed by preparative thin layer chromatography (PTLC) for separating compounds into curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin compound. The isolated compounds were identified by thin layer chromatography (TLC), analytical instrument using FTIR, HPLC and TLC Scanner. The isolated compounds were tested by DPPH for their activity as antioxidants. Based on the experiment results revealed that the highest abundance of curcumin and curcuminoid compounds in mother and finger rhizome is demethoxycurcumin compound with abundance value of 75.20 and 57.90%. The abundance of curcumin and curcuminoid compound in mother and finger rhizome is bisdemethoxycurcumin<curcumin<demethoxycurcumin. The result is known that the antioxidant activity of the extract curcumin and curcuminoid have antioxidant capabilities better than the fractions (curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin) with IC50 value of 146and 152µg/mL. That curcumin and curcuminoid extract on the root have antioxidant capabilities better than the subroot. The antioxidant capabilities of curcumin and curcuminoid compound in mother and finger rhizome is curcumin of finger rhizomedemethoxycurcumin of mother rhizome<demethoxycurcumin of finger rhizome<curcumin of mother rhizome<bisdemethoxycurcumin of finger rhizome <extract of finger rhizome<extract of mother rhizome<bisdemethoxycurcumin of finger rhizome.

Kata Kunci : Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb, curcumin, curcuminoid, antioxidant