KUALITAS AIR LIMBAH DAN BEBAN PENCEMARAN TAMBAK UDANG DI PANTAI IMORENGGO DESA KARANGSEWU KABUPATEN KULON PROGO

MOCH YOVANATAMA N, Drs. Namastra Probosunu, M.Si.

2016 | Skripsi | S1 MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA PERIKANAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kualitas air limbah dan mengetahui beban polutan dari tambak udang di Pantai Imorenggo. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai Agustus 2015 di Pantai Imorenggo, Desa Karangsewu, Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Pengambilan sampel air diambil dari saluran efluen dua petak tambak dan pada saluran pembuangan akhir limbah dilakukan selama dua minggu sekali pada pukul 06.00 WIB dan 15.00 WIB. Parameter yang diukur adalah suhu, debit, TSS, salinitas, kekeruhan, pH, BOD5, NO3, NH3, PO4, dan kepadatan Peridinium sp. Alat yang digunakan untuk pengukuran parameter yaitu pH meter, termometer, kertas saring, timbangan analitik, refraktometer, plankton net, mikroskop, Sedgwick rafter, dan spektrofotometer. Bahan yang digunakan yaitu air limbah, formalin, aquades, dan larutan buffer. Kualitas air limbah tambak udang di Pantai Imorenggo yaitu: Suhu air berkisar 26,8-29,1 oC, TSS pada berkisar 0,76-2,65 mg/l, Kekeruhan berkisar 17,87-78,85 NTU, Salinitas berkisar 4,83-19,00 0/00, pH air berkisar 6,95-8,12, BOD5 berkisar 37,58-229,74 mg/l, NO3 berkisar 43,46-261,56 mg/l, NH3 berkisar 0.17-6.74 mg/l, PO4 berkisar 7.47-30 mg/l, dan Densitas Peridinium berkisar 0-92 individu/l. Beban pencemaran dari saluran pembuangan akhir tambak udang di Pantai Imorenggo yaitu : TSS sebesar 0,0069 ton/siklus, BOD5 sebesar 0,6029 ton/siklus, NO3 sebesar 0,7712 ton/siklus, NH3 sebesar 0,0034 ton/siklus, dan PO4 sebesar 0,0952 ton/siklus. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan beberapa parameter kualitas air limbah yang melebihi baku mutu yaitu kekeruhan, BOD5, NH3, NO3, serta PO4.

The aims of this study were to assess the quality of waste water and to determine the pollution load of shrimp ponds in Imorenggo Beach. This research was conducted from May to August 2015 in Imorenggo coast, Karangsewu village, Kulon Progo District. Wastewater sample were collected from effluent channel of two ponds and drain end, biweekly at 06.00 am and at 15.00 pm. The parameters were measured namely temperature, discharge, TSS, salinity, turbidity, pH, BOD5, NO3, NH3, PO4, and density of Peridinium sp,. The equipment were used to measure these parameter are pH meter, thermometer, filter paper, analytical scale, refractometer, plankton net, microscope, Sedgwick rafter, and spectrofotometer. The materials were used in this study are wastewater, buffer solution, formalin, and aquades. Waste water quality of shrimp pond in Imorenggo Coast namely : temperature range was 26,8-29,1 oC, TSS range was 0,76-2,65 mg/l, turbidity range was 17,87-78,85 NTU, Salinity range was 4,83-19,00 0/00, pH range was 6,95-8,12, BOD5 rang was 37,58-229,74 mg/l, NO3 range was 43,46-261,56 mg/l, NH3 range was 0.17-6.74 mg/l, PO4 range was 7.47-30 mg/l, dan Density of Peridinium range was 0-92 individu/l. Pollution load from drain end of shrimp pond namely: TSS was 0.0421 tons/cycle, BOD5 was 3.5041 tons/cycle, NO3 was 4.4302 tons/cycle, NH3 was 0.0275 tons/cycle, and PO4 was 0.6284 tons/cycle. The study results revealed that some water quality parameters of waste that exceeds the quality standard that is turbidity, BOD5, NH3, NO3, and PO4.

Kata Kunci : Beban pencemaran, Kualitas air, Limbah, Tambak udang