PERBEDAAN DAYA ANTIBAKTERI MEDIKAMEN SALURAN AKAR BERBASIS SENG OKSIDA KOMBINASI KLINDAMISIN HIDROKLORIDA 5% DAN KALSIUM HIDROKSIDA TERHADAP BAKTERI Enterococcus faecalis

SIMYARDIKA GUNAWAN, drg. Tunjung Nugraheni, M.Kes., Sp.KG; Dr. drg. Ema Mulyawati, M.S., Sp.KG(K)

2015 | Tesis-Spesialis | SP ILMU KONSERVASI GIGI

Medikamen saluran akar memiliki peranan penting untuk mengeliminasi mikroorganisme yang tersisa di dalam saluran akar. Medikamen standar yang telah lama digunakan di bidang kedokteran gigi adalah kalsium hidroksida, tetapi bahan ini resisten terhadap Enterococcus faecalis. Pada saat ini dikembangkan bahan medikamen baru berbasis seng oksida kombinasi klindamisin hidroklorida 5%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan daya antibakteri bahan medikamen saluran akar berbasis seng oksida kombinasi klindamisin hidroklorida 5% dan kalsium hidroksida terhadap bakteri Enterococcus faecalis. Sembilan buah cawan petri berisi media Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) dioles dengan suspensi bakteri Enterococcus faecalis dan dibuat 3 buah lubang sumuran dengan diamter 6 mm. Masing-masing lubang sumuran diberi 0,1 ml seng oksida kombinasi klindamisin hidroklorida 5%, kalsium hidroksida kombinasi iodoform, dan kalsium hidroksida kombinasi gliserin menggunakan spuit tuberkulin, kemudian diinkubasi selama 24 jam pada suhu 37°C. Diameter zona hambatan yang terbentuk diukur menggunakan jangka sorong. Hasil tabulasi data dianalisis menggunakan ANAVA satu jalur. Hasil uji ANAVA menunjukkan adanya pengaruh ketiga jenis bahan medikamen saluran akar terhadap zona hambatan bakteri Enterococcus faecalis (p:0,000*). Hasil uji LSD menunjukkan perbedaan daya antibakteri yang bermakna antara kelompok perlakuan. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa medikamen seng oksida kombinasi klindamisin hidroklorida 5% menunjukkan daya antibakteri yang paling efektif melawan Enterococcus faecalis.

Root canal medicaments have an important role to eliminate the remaining microorganisms in the root canal. Standard medicament that have long been used in dentistry is calcium hydroxide, but the material is resistant to Enterococcus faecalis. At this time, developed new medicament of zinc oxide base combined with clindamycin hydrochloride 5%. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in antibacterial effect of root canal medicament zinc oxide-based combination with clindamycin hydrochloride 5% and calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus faecalis. Nine pieces of petri dish containing media Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) smeared with suspension of Enterococcus faecalis and made 3 holes with a diameter of 6 mm. Each hole were filled with 0.1 ml of zinc oxide combination with clindamycin hydrochloride 5%, calcium hydroxide combination with iodoform, and calcium hydroxide combination with glycerin using a tuberculin syringe, then incubated for 24 hours at 37°C. Formed diameter of inhibition zone was measured using a caliper. Tabulation of the data were analyzed using one way ANOVA. ANOVA results showed the influences of the three types of root canal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis (p: 0.000*). LSD test results showed a significant difference in the antibacterial activity between the treatment groups. From the results of this study it was concluded that zinc oxide combined with clindamycin hydrochloride 5% indicates the most effective antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis.

Kata Kunci : medikamen saluran akar, Enterococcus faecalis, kalsium hidroksida, iodoform, seng oksida, klindamisin hidroklorida, antibiotik