PERBANDINGAN METODE PROMOSI KESEHATAN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PERSEPSI IBU TENTANG SEX EDUCATION PADA ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH

EVI SEPTIANI, SKM, dr. Ova Emilia, Sp.OG(K), M.M.Ed, Ph.D; dr. Shinta Prawitasari, Sp.OG(K), M.Kes

2015 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Kasus kekerasan seksual terhadap anak di Indonesia berdasarkan laporan Komisi Nasional Perlindungan Anak semakin meningkat setiap tahun. Hal ini menunjukkan pentingnya pemahaman tentang pengetahuan seksual sejak usia dini. Promosi kesehatan dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu sehingga diharapkan dapat merubah persepsi tentang pentingnya sex education pada anak usia prasekolah sebagai salah satu upaya pencegahan kekerasan seksual terhadap anak. Tujuan: Membandingkan pengaruh promosi kesehatan melalui metode ceramah dengan audiovisual dan media leaflet terhadap perubahan persepsi ibu tentang sex education pada anak usia prasekolah. Metode: Penelitian quasi experiment dengan rancangan non-equivalent control group design with pretest and posttest. Sampel penelitian adalah ibu yang memiliki anak usia prasekolah berjumlah 64 orang yang bersekolah di TK.ABA Pringwulung dan TK Al-Islam Kecamatan Depok. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling dan analisis menggunakan uji paired t-test dan independent t-test pada tingkat signifikansi p < 0,05. Hasil: Metode ceramah dengan audiovisual memiliki nilai peningkatan rerata persepsi antara pretest dan posttest-1 sebesar 5,3 (CI: 3,01-7,56) dan antara pretest dan posttest-2 sebesar 3,8 (CI: 1,33-6,29), sedangkan pada kelompok dengan media leaflet memiliki nilai peningkatan rerata persepsi antara pretest dan posttest-1 sebesar 0,4 (CI: -1,28-2.15) dan antara pretest dan posttest-2 sebesar 0,1 (CI: -2,17-2,35). Kesimpulan: Promosi kesehatan melalui metode ceramah dengan audiovisual mengalami peningkatan skor persepsi ibu tentang sex education pada anak usia prasekolah lebih tinggi dibandingkan melalui media leaflet

Background: Cases of sexual abuse on children in Indonesia based on the report of the National Commission for Child Protection is increasing every year. This showed the importance of understanding sexual knowledge from an early age. Health promotion is done to improve the mother's knowledge that is expected to change the perception of the importance of sex education to preschoolers as one of the efforts to prevent sexual abuse on children. Objective: To compare the effect of health promotion through a lecture method with audiovisual and leaflet media on change of mother�s perception about sex education to preschoolers. Methods: The quasi-experimental study, non-equivalent control group design with pretest and posttest. The samples were mothers with preschool age children amounted to 64 people who attend TK.ABA Pringwulung and TK Al-Islam of Depok. Sampling was done by purposive sampling and analysis used the paired t-test and independent at a significance level of p <0.05. Results: The method lecture with audiovisual has an increase value in the average of perception between pretest and posttest-1 amounted to 5.3 (CI: 3.01-7.56) and between pretest and posttest-2 of 3.8 (CI: 1,33-6.29), whereas in the group with leaflets media have an increase value in the average of perception between pretest and posttest-1 of 0.4 (CI: -1.28-2.15) and between pretest and posttest-2 of 0.1 (CI: -2.17-2.35). Conclusion: The health promotion through lecture method with audiovisual increased of mother�s perception score about sex education to preschoolers is higher than the media leaflet.

Kata Kunci : Promosi kesehatan, persepsi, kekerasan seksual pada anak, sex education, anak usia prasekolah/ health promotion, perception, sexual abuse on children, sex education, preschoolers