KERJA YANG NYAMAN DAN AMAN: PEMAKNAAN SAFETY BEHAVIOR OLEH PEKERJA LAPANGAN KONSTRUKSI SIPIL

CLARA SHINTA ADITYA, Drs. Sumaryono, M.Si.

2015 | Skripsi | S1 PSIKOLOGI

Penelitian ini mencoba memahami dan menggambarkan perilaku keselamatan sebagaimana dimaknai oleh para pekerja lapangan konstruksi sipil. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Data diambil dengan metode wawancara dan observasi dengan melibatkan enam orang subjek, dengan pembagian tiga subjek primer dan tiga informan. Subjek primer dari penelitian ini merupakan pekerja lapangan konstruksi sipil di salah satu proyek perusahaan konstruksi nasional di Yogyakarta. Tiga orang informan lainnya adalah pihak yang mengetahui performansi keselamatan ketiga subjek di proyek yang bersangkutan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah perilaku keselamatan dimaknai sebagai kesadaran untuk berperilaku aman, menjaga keselamatan diri dan meningkatkan kewaspadaan terhadap bahaya di area kerja, bukan sekedar mengenakan peralatan pengamanan personal. Perilaku keselamatan pekerja lapangan banyak dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor seperti orientasi pekerjaan, pemaknaan kerja, kontrol keselamatan, serta interaksi sosial. Perilaku keselamatan juga berpengaruh pada kemungkinan dampak fisik maupun psikologis yang dirasakan para pekerja, dan berlaku sebaliknya. Kebutuhan pekerja lapangan ialah APD yang nyaman dan aman untuk digunakan agar tidak menghambat produktivitas selama bekerja.

The aim of this research was to understand and describe the meaning of safety behavior as perceived by civil construction field-workers. The method used in this research was qualitative methodology with Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Data were taken using observation and interviews involving three primary subjects and three significant others. The primary subjects of this research were civil construction field-workers from one of the national civil construction companies in Yogyakarta. The significant others were the ones who understand the workers� safety performance in their construction site. The result of this research was safety behavior is perceived as the awareness to behave or work safely, to prevent themselves from work-related injury, and to raise awareness about risks in their workplace, more than just wearing personal safety equipment. Safety behavior among subjects were influenced by several factors, such as work and task orientation, meaning of work, safety control, and social interaction. Safety behavior also influenced the physical and psychological effects experienced by the field-workers, and vice versa. The urgent need of the workers were well-designed personal safety equipment that are comfortable and safe to be worn at site.

Kata Kunci : perilaku keselamatan, K3, pekerja lapangan, konstruksi sipil, safety behavior, health and safety environment, field-workers, civil construction, Yogyakarta