HUBUNGAN PENDIDIKAN SUAMI DENGAN PERENCANAAN PERSALINAN IBU HAMIL DI KOTA SALATIGA PROPINSI JAWA TENGAH TAHUN 2015

SRI DRISNA DEWI, Prof.dr.Mohammad Hakimi, SpOG (K), PhD;dr. Shinta Prawitasari M.Kes, SpOG

2015 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: AKI di Kota Salatiga pada tahun 2012 terlaporkan 73,4 per 100.000 KH dan pada tahun 2013 mengalami kenaikan 3 kali lipat yaitu sebanyak 275,25 per 100.000 KH. Program Perencanaan Persalinan dan Pencegahan Komplikasi (P4K) adalah salah satu program percepatan penurunan angka kematian ibu dan bayi baru lahir. Cakupan program ini masih cukup rendah yaitu 69,20% dari target 100%. Salah satu faktor yang diduga mempengaruhi perencanaan persalinan adalah peran suami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pendidikan suami terhadap perencanaan persalinan ibu hamil di Kota Salatiga. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain cross-sectional analitik. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua ibu hamil trimester III warga Kota Salatiga yang memeriksakan kehamilannya dan tercatat dalam register ibu hamil di seluruh Puskesmas di Kota Salatiga yang berjumlah 979 ibu hamil. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan two stage sampling. Penelitian ini menilai pendidikan suami sebagai variabel bebas, perencanaan persalinan sebagai variabel terikat dan variabel pendapatan, paritas, frekuensi ANC, status faktor risiko dan pengetahuan suami sebagai variabel potensial perancu. Analisa data meliputi univariat, bivariat menggunakan Chi-square, untuk mengetahui kekuatan hubungan antara variabel bebas dan variabel terikat menggunakan Rasio prevalensi (RP) dengan confidence interval (CI) 95% dan multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik. Hasil: Dari 267 responden sebanyak 85,4% merencanakan persalinan dengan baik. Berdasarkan hasil analisis bivariat antara pendidikan suami dengan perencanaan persalian menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan dengan p=0,0061 RP= 1,18 (CI 95% = 1,02 sampai 1,36), berdasarkan analisis bivariat variabel potensial perancu ada hubungan yang signifikan antara variabel paritas dengan perencanaan persalinan dengan p= 0,031 RP= 1,12 (CI 95% = 0,99 sampai 1,26), status faktor risiko dengan perencanaan persalinan p=0,0183 RP= 1,13 (CI 95% = 1,01 sampai 1,25), pengetahuan suami dengan perencanaan persalinan p=0,0101 RP=1,15 (CI 95% = 1,02 sampai 1,30). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pendidikan suami dengan perencanaan persalinan mengontrol variabel paritas p=0,008 OR=2,70 (CI 95% = 1,30 sampai 5,60) pendidikan suami tinggi dan paritas multipara berpeluang 2,70 kali lebih besar merencanakan persalinan dengan baik dibandingkan dengan pendidikan suami rendah dan paritas primipara, status faktor risiko p=0,009 OR = 2,69 (CI 95% = 1,28 sampai 5,64) pendidikan suami tinggi dan status faktor risiko tinggi berpeluang 2,69 kali lebih besar merencanakan persalinan dengan baik dibandingkan dengan pendidikan suami rendah dan status faktor risiko rendah dan pengetahuan suami p=0,012 OR = 2,49 (CI 95% = 1,22 sampai 5,10) pendidikan suami tinggi dan pengetahuan baik berpeluang 2,49 kali lebih besar merencanakan persalinan dengan baik dibandingkan dengan pendidikan suami rendah dan pengetahuan rendah. Kesimpulan: Semakin tinggi pendidikan suami semakin baik perencanaan persalinan pada ibu hamil. Semakin baik pengetahuan suami semakin baik pula perencanaan persalinan ibu hamil, semakin tinggi status faktor risiko ibu hamil semakin baik perencanaan persalinan ibu hamil, paritas multipara memiliki perencanaan persalinan lebih baik dibandingkan paritas primipara. Variabel pendapatan dan frekuensi ANC tidak berhubungan terhadap perencanaan persalinan ibu hamil.

Background Maternal Mortality (AKI) in Salatiga in 2012 was reported as 73.4 per 100,000 of KH and in 2013 it was increased 3 times which is 275.25 cases per 100,000 of KH. Program of Childbirth Planning and complications Prevention (P4K) is an accelerated reduction program of maternal and new born baby mortality. But the coverage of this program was still low which is 69,20% from the target of 100%. One factor considered as an influencing factor in childbirth planning is husbands role. This study was conducted to determine the correlation between husbands education and childbirth planning in Salatiga. Method This study is an observational research with the design of cross-sectional analytic.The population in this study is all pregnant women in third trimester in Salatiga who do the checkup of their pregnancy and was recorded as pregnant women in all health centers of Salatiga with the total of 979 pregnant women. The sampling was conducted by using simple random sampling. This study assesses husbands education as independent variables, child birth planning as the dependent variable and income, parity, ANC frequency, risk factors status and husbands knowledge as confounding variables. Data analysis that are univariat bivariate using chi square to find out the significance of correlation between independent and dependent variables using prevalence ratio (RP) with the confident interval (CI) as 95% and multivariate by logistic regression test. Result From 267 respondent it was found that 85.4% had well planned deliveries. Based on the results of the bivariate analysis it was showed that between husband education and childbirth planning are correlated significantly with the value of RP = 1.18 (95% CI: 1.02 to 1.36 p = 0.0061), based on bivariate analysis of potential confounding variables there was significant correlation between the variable of parity with childbirth planning with the value of RP = 1.12 (95% CI : 0.99 to 1.26, p = 0.031), the status of risk factors and childbirth planning with the value of RP = 1.13 (95% CI: 1.01 to 1.25, p = 0.0183), knowledge of the husband and the childbirth planning with the value of RP = 1.15 (95% CI: 1.02 to 1.30, p = 0.0101). Multivariate analysis shows that there is a significant correlation between husbands education and childbirth planning variable p=0,008 OR=2,70 (CI 95% = 1,30 to 5,60) of husband who has high education and multipara parity had probability of 2,70 times better in childbirth planning compare to husband with low education and primipara parity, risk factor status p=0,009 OR = 2,69 (CI 95% = 1,28 to 5,64) husband with high education and high risk factor status had probability 2,69 times better in childbirth planning compare to husband with low education and low risk factor status. And husband knowledge p=0,012 OR = 2,49 (CI 95% = 1,22 to 5,10) husband with high education and good knowledge has probability 2,49 times better in childbirth planning compare to husband with low education and low knowledge. Conclusion: Husbands education was signifivantly related to the planning of pregnant women in Salatiga, Central Java Province. Where a husband with a higher education level were potentially plan more properly for his wife childbirth planning. There was a significant correlation between parity, risk factor status and Husbands knowledge with childbirth planning of pregnant women, meanwhile family income and ANC frequency has no significant correlation with childbirth planning.

Kata Kunci : Perencanaan persalinan ibu hamil, pendidikan suami, Kota Salatiga/Pregnant womens childbirth planning, husbands education level, Salatiga