Faktor Risiko Hipospadia Pada Anak Di Rsup Dr Sardjito Yogyakarta

FANNY J. S TANGKUDUNG, dr. S. Yudha Patria, Phd, Sp.A(K); dr.Eggi Arguni,M.sc,Phd Sp.A(K)

2015 | Tesis | S2 KEDOKTERAN KLINIK/MS-PPDS

Latar belakang. Hipospadia merupakan kelainan bawaan pada anak laki-laki yang dilaporkan mengalami peningkatan angka kejadian, faktor risiko terjadinya hipospadia dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan yang terpapar bahan kimiawi yang berperan sebagai anti androgenik yang mengganggu proses pembentukan genetalia eksterna pada awal masa perkembangan. Tujuan. Mengetahui faktor risiko terjadinya hipospadia Metode. Desain penelitian case control yang dilakukan sejak tahun 2008- 2011 di rumah sakit Dr.Sardjito dengan menggunakan catatan rekam medis, data dianalisis dengan uji Chi-square dan regresi logistik. Hasil. Subjek 120 anak yang diteliti, 60 anak dengan hipospadia (50%) dan 60 anak tanpa hipospadia (50%), anak yang lahir dari ibu dengan usia saat hamil lebih dari 35 tahun memiliki faktor risiko lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan usia ibu kurang dari 35 tahun adjusted odds ratio 4,17 (CI 95% 1,12-15,49); p=0,033. Kesimpulan. Usia ibu lebih dari 35 tahun merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya hipospadia pada anak.

Background: An Increasing prevalence of hypospadias has been reported. The cause of hypospadias is unknown, however current epidemiology and laboratory studies;had found some etiologies of hypospadias. Specifically, some of the environmental chemicals are acting as antiandrogen and interfere with the action of the testosterone-related gene expression. In this study, we described the normal development of male external genitalia and the prevalence of and environmental risk factors related to hypospadias. Objective To find out the association beetween hypospadia and gestational age, birth weight, maternal age, diet during pregnancy, and landfield environment. Method We conducted a case-control study in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital using hospital medical records from 2008 through 2011. The data were analyzed using Chi-square and logistic regression. Results A total of 120 children were enrolled, of whom 50% (60) had hypospadias and 50% (60) had no hypospadias. Children with mothers age of more than 35 years had a greater risk for having hypospadia compared to those whose mothers age of less than 35 years (adjusted odds ratio 4.17 (CI 95% 1.12-15.49; p=0.033). Birth weight, maternal diet during pregnancy, and landfield environment had no association with the development of hypospadias. Conclusion Mother age of more than 35 years old during pregnancy is a risk factor for the development of hypospadia in children

Kata Kunci : hipospadia, faktor risiko, areal persawahan, prematuritas, berat lahir rendah,usia ibu saat kehamilan, diet ibu selama hamil , hypospadias, risk factors, landfield enviroment, prematurity, low birth weight, age of mother during pregnancy, maternal diet