PENGATURAN BENTUK-BENTUK PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN JAMINAN PRODUK HALAL DAN TAYIB DI INDONESIA

TETI INDRAWATI PURNAMASARI, SH.,M.HUM., Prof. M. Hawin, S.H., LL. M., Ph.D. dan Prof. Dr. Abdul Ghofur Anshori, S.H., M.H.

2015 | Disertasi | S3 Ilmu Hukum

Penyelenggaraan jaminan produk halal dan tayib melalui sertifikasi dan labelisasi sangat dibutuhkan oleh konsumen dan pelaku usaha untuk memenuhi kewajiban religius akan barang dan jasa yang memenuhi standar hukum Islam. Namun kesadaran konsumen masih rendah dan jumlah pelaku usaha yang menerapkan jaminan produk halal masih sedikit. Pemerintah terus berupaya membangun perlindungan penyelenggaraan jaminan produk halal dan tayib di Indonesia, sehingga memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen dan pelaku usaha untuk produksi, perdagangan, dan konsumsi di Indonesia serta perdagangan internasional. Fokus penelitian bagaimana formulasi bentuk-bentuk perlindungan konsumen dalam penyelenggaraan jaminan produk halal dan tayib di Indonesia. Penelitian ini temasuk jenis penelitian hukum normatif, penelitian hukum Islam preskriptif, dan bersifat deskriptif kualitatif. Jenis data yang digunakan data sekunder yang ditunjang oleh data primer. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan cara penelitian pustaka (library research) dan wawancara pada narasumber yang ditentukan secara purposive. Analisis kualitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan Teori Sistem Hukum Friedman, Teori Maqashid Syariah (tujuan pensyariatan) asy-Syatibi, dan Teori Perlindungan Hukum bagi Konsumen. Formulasi bentuk-bentuk perlindungan konsumen dalam penyelenggaraan jaminan produk halal dan tayib di Indonesia harus diwujudkan melalui: Pertama, pengaturan prinsip maqashid syariah, prinsip kejujuran, dan prinsip absolut dalam penerapan sistem jaminan produk halal dan tayib. Kedua, penguatan koneksi dan integrasi prinsi-prinsip jaminan produk halal dan tayib dengan prinsip-prinsip perlindungan konsumen di Indonesia. Norma-norma, standar, dan pedoman penyelenggaraan jaminan produk halal dan tayib di Indonesia harus disusun berdasarkan ketentuan al-Quran, hadis, dan fatwa MUI; harus harmonis dengan prinsip-prinsip hukum perlindungan konsumen Indonesia; harus harmonis dengan prinsip-prinsip transparansi dan notifikasi dalam Agreement on Technical Barries to Trade (TBT Agreement) dan Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS Agreement) yang berlaku dalam hukum perdagangan internasional. Ketiga, penguatan nilai-nilai hikmah produk halal dan tayib Indonesia secara optimal dan komprehensif dengan membangun aspek religius sistem hukum perlindungan konsumen Indonesia. Katam kunci: produk, halal, perlindungan konsumen, standar, nilai

Conducting halal tayib products through the certification and labelling is necessary for consumers and businessmen to fulfill religious obligation on products and services having compliance with Islamic law standard. However, the consumer awareness is still low and the number of businessmen who apply the halal product is still few. The government merely attempts to develop the protection of conducting halal tayib product assurance so that able to fulfill consumer's and businessmen's demand of production, trade, and consumption in Indonesia, as well as international trade. The research focus is how is the formulation of the consumer protections in conducting halal product assurance in Indonesia. This research is classified into a normative law research, a prescriptive Islamic law research, and descriptive qualitative research. The type of operating data is secondary data which are supported by primary data. The research is conducted with the library research and the interview on the informants which are purposively decided. The qualitative analysis is applied with Friedman's Law System Theory, As-Syatibi's Shariah Maqashid Theory, and Consumer Law Protection Theory. The formulation of strengthening consumer protections in conducting halal tayib product assurance in Indonesia can be implemented through: the first that is the regulation of Shariah Maqashid principal, honesty principal, and the absolute principal in implementing the assurance system of halal tayib products. The second is to strengthen the connection and the integration of the halal tayib product assurance with the consumer protection principals in Indonesia. The norms, the standards, and the guidance of conducting halal tayib product assurance in Indonesia must be arranged based on Koran, hadith, and Fatwa of the Indonesian Islamic-Scholar Council (MUI), must be in harmony with transparency and notification principals in Agreement on Technical Barries to Trade (TBT Agreement) and Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS Agreement) legal in international trade law. The third is optimally and comprehensively to strengthen wisdom values of Indonesian halal tayib products by building the religious aspects of Indonesian consumer protection law. Keywords: products, halal, consumer protections, standards, values.

Kata Kunci : produk, halal, perlindungan konsumen, standar, nilai/products, halal, consumer protections, standards, values