KEANEKARAGAMAN LUMUT DI CANDI MUARA TAKUS, RIAU

SRI RAHAYU, Drs. Heri Sujadmiko, M. Si.

2015 | Skripsi | BIOLOGI

Lumut memiliki potensi dalam pelapukan batuan candi, sehingga hal tersebut perlu dicegah agar kelestarian situs candi Muara Takus tetap terjaga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis, klasifikasi, dan distribusi lumut yang terdapat pada batu bata di Candi Muara Takus, Riau. Dari hasil penelitian ini akan diketahui jenis-jenis lumut yang paling berpotensi merusak batuan candi. Metode penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode jelajah pada empat stasiun pengamatan di area Candi Muara Takus yaitu Candi Tua lantai bawah, Candi Tua lantai atas, Candi Mahligai, dan Candi Palangka. Koleksi sampel dengan metode teknik herbarium kering untuk diidentifikasi di laboratorium. Analisis vegetasi lumut dilakukan dengan metode kuadrat plot 15 cm x 15 cm yang didistribusikan secara acak pada keempat stasiun pengamatan. Variasi keanekaragaman jenis lumut dianalisis dengan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener. Analisis distribusi dan penentuan jenis-jenis lumut yang mendominasi didasarkan atas nilai penting. Hasil identifikasi ditemukan 5 jenis lumut yaitu : Marchantia polymorpha L., Pallavicinia lyellii (Hook) Carruth, Jungermania tetragona Lindenb, Barbula indica (Hook) Spreng. In Steud., Fissidens laxus Sull. & Lesq. Kelima jenis lumut tersebut dapat dikelompokkan dalam 2 kelas yaitu Hepaticopsida dan Bryopsida. jenis-jenis lumut yang mempunyai distribusi luas pada batu bata di Candi Muara Takus adalah jenis Marchantia polymorpha dan Barbula indica.

Bryophyte has potential in the temple of rock weathering, so it needs to be prevented preservation Muara Takus temple site is maintained. This reaearch aims to know the species diversity, clasification, and bryophyte distribution on the brick of Muara Takus temple. From the results of this study will be known types of the most potentially damaging bryophyte rock temple. The collecting method of bryophyte samples was conducted by exploration method, in four observation stations at Muara Takus temple area, such as in downstairs of Tua temple, upstairs of Tua temple, Mahligai temple, and Palangka temple. Bryophyte samples collected using dried herbarium techniques, were identified in the laboratory. The bryophyte vegetation analysis used quadrat method 15 cm x 15 cm was randomly distributed on the four observation station. Variation of bryophyte species diversity was analyzed by the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. The distribution analysis and the determination of the bryophyte that dominate were obtained based on importance values. Based on the results the study shows that there are five species live on brick of Muara Takus temple, nomely as Marchantia polymorpha L., Pallavicinia lyellii (Hook) Carruth, Jungermania tetragona Lindenb, Barbula indica (Hook) Spreng. In Steud., Fissidens laxus Sull. & Lesq. These can be classified into 2 classes as Hepaticopsida and Bryopsida. Bryophyte species which have been broadly distributed on the concrete brick of Muara Takus temple was Marchantia polymorpha and Barbula indica.

Kata Kunci : Diversity, bryophyte, Muara Takus temple.