Perancangan Sistem Biodigester Based On Toilet Pada Asrama Kinanthi I Universitas Gadjah Mada

HERO OKA ARIARGA, Rachmawan Budiarto, S.T., M.T. ,Wiratni S.T., M.T., Ph.D.

2015 | Skripsi | S1 TEKNIK FISIKA

Permasalahan energi menjadi perhatian penting bagi pemerintah saat ini, dikarenakan jumlah energi fosil semakin menipis.Instansi pendidikan UGM ikut serta dalam mengatasi permasalahan energi saat ini, salah satunya melalui pembangunan fasilitas asrama yang ramah dengan lingkungan dan pemanfaatan energi terbarukan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi biogas dari asrama Kinanthi I UGM, pembuatan rancangan biodigester beserta analisis teknik dan ekonomi. Perancangan biodgester asrama Mahasiswa Kinanthi I UGM memanfaatkan limbah penghuni asrama serta sampah sisa makanan. Desain biodigester memenuhi parameter suhu mesofilik (25-30oC), C/N 22,693, pH 4,5-7. Sistem Biodigester terdiri dari bak pencampur, digester, bak outlet, serta pipa gas, digunakan 2 asumsi isian digester yaitu yang pertama feses manusia, urin, sampah makanan serta air bilas dan air guyur, asumsi kedua dengan pengenceran total solid 8¬%. Produksi biogas sebesar 19,539 m3/hari. Analisis ekonomi dengan nilai kesetaraan kalor LPG, kayu bakar, serta minyak tanah menunjukkan rancangan biodigester tidak layak dikembangkan dengan nilai NPV<1, BCR<1

Nowadays, the energy problems have became the important concern of government, because the amount of fossil energy has decreased. Education institution, Universitas Gadjah Mada takes part to overcome the energy problems by developing eco friendly bording house and renewable energy utilization. This research aims to know the biogas potential of Kinanthi I UGM bording house, design of the biodigester and technical and economic analysis. Design of Kinanthi I UGM biodigester utilizes the boarder solid waste and foodwaste. Design of biodigester has fulfilled the parameter of temperature mesophilic (25-30oC), C/N ratio 22,693 and pH 4,5-7. Biodigester system consists of mixing tank, digester, outlet chamber and gas pipe, used two assumption of raw material for the process, first assumption consists of human faeces, urin, foodwaste, rinse water and water flush, second assumption is the dilution of total solid from the three organic material until 8%. Biogas production of the system is about 19,539 m3/day. Economic analysis with the calorific value equivalency of LPG, kerosene an firewood showed that the biodigester to be developed with with the calorific value equivalency of LPG because the NPV > 1 and BCR > 1, while with the calorific value equivalency of kerosene and firewood are not feasible to develop.

Kata Kunci : Biodigester, Feses manusia, Urin, Sampah sisa makanan, Analisa teknik, Analisa Ekonomi