TINGKAT DOMESTIKASI GURAMI (Osphronemus goramy) WARNA HITAM ASAL BANYUMAS BERDASARKAN KARYOTYPE

MUHAMMAD ILHAM SUTANDIO, Ir. Ign Hardaningsih, M.Si. ; Dr. Niken Satuti Nur Handayani, M.Sc.

2015 | Skripsi | S1 BUDIDAYA PERIKANAN

Ikan gurami (Osphronemus goramy) tergabung dalam famili Osphronemidae dan ordo Perciformes. Ikan Gurami Banyumas mempunyai bentuk badan pipih ke samping, lebar, dan panjang. Ikan gurami termasuk ikan yang mudah untuk dibudidayakan dan mampu berkembang biak secara alami, bersifat omnivora, dan mampu hidup di kolam tergenang. Penelitian tingkat domestikasi gurami (Osphronemus goramy) warna hitam asal Banyumas berdasarkan karyotype bertujuan untuk mengetahui domestikasi ikan tersebut berdasarkan susunan karyotype dan mengetahui karakter kromosom ikan gurami warna hitam di Banyumas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kultur sel darah putih (limfosit) dari 3 ekor gurami warna hitam jantan dan 3 ekor gurami warna hitam betina dengan melalui 3 pengulangan untuk masing-masing perlakuan. Pengamatan preparat kromosom menggunakan mikroskop dan kromosom diamati dengan sebaran terbaik. Hasil dari gambar kromosom terbaik diukur panjang masing - masing lengannya menggunakan software MicroMeasure 3.3. Hasil dari pengukuran diperoleh formula karyotype gurami warna hitam populasi Banyumas yaitu 2n = 48 = 48t. Gurami Banyumas warna hitam memiliki jumlah kromosom normal yaitu 48 kromosom dengan bentuk telosentris. Formula karyotype tersebut memberikan penjelasan bahwa gurami warna hitam populasi Banyumas sudah terdomestikasi sempurna.

Gouramy (Osphronemus goramy) incorporated in Osphronemidae family and perciformes ordo. Gouramy from Banyumas have flat body shape, width, and long (anterior-posterior). Gouramy is kind of fish which is easy to cultivation and can breeding naturally. They are omnivores and they can live in stagnant water flow. The purpose of this research was to reveal its domestication level based on karyotype formula and to reveal the character of dark gourami chromosome in Banyumas. The method which was used in this research is lymphocyte culture from 3 dark goramy males and 3 dark gouramy females through 3 times repetition for each treatment. Chromosome samples was observed using microscope and observed deeper in samples with the best position. The result of chromosome figures were measured the length of each arm using MicroMeasure 3.3 software. The result of this research revealed that the karyotype formula of dark gouramy in Banyumas was 2n = 48 = 48t. Dark gouramy population in Banyumas had composed normal chromosomes, 48 chromosomes with telocentric shape of all chromosomes. That karyotype formula explain that dark gouramy in Banyumas had been fully domesticated. Fully domestication was known from telosentris shape of all chromosomes.

Kata Kunci : domestication, karyotype, Osphronemus goramy.