Analisis Pengaruh Daya Saing dan Investasi Asing Langsung Terhadap Kinerja Ekspor Sektor Manufaktur Indonesia

ERICK E. ABEDNEGO, Tri Widodo, Prof., M.Ec.Dev., Ph.D.

2015 | Skripsi | ILMU EKONOMI

Ekspor merupakan kegiatan strategis dan fundamental dalam perekonomian terbuka. Performanya senantiasa dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain dari dalam negeri maupun luar negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh dari daya saing sektor manufaktur yang menggunakan Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) indicator; investasi asing langsung, produk domestik bruto (PDB) dunia, dan nilai tukar riil rupiah terhadap dollar terhadap ekspor sektor manufaktur Indonesia periode 1981 hingga 2013. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Hasil yang didapatkan, menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan ekspor sektor manufaktur tidak diiringi oleh perkembangan daya saing yang semakin menurun. Investasi asing langsung dan pertumbuhan PDB dunia memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap ekspor sektor manufaktur. Sementara variabel nilai tukar riil memberikan dampak negatif terhadap ekspor sektor manufaktur Indonesia.

Export is a strategic and fundamental activity in an open economy. Its performance is always influenced by other factors from within the country and abroad. This study aims to analyze the influence of the competitiveness of the manufacturing sector which uses Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) indicator; Foreign Direct Investment (FDI); Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the world; and the real exchange rate of the rupiah against the dollar on manufacturing exports Indonesia period 1981 to 2013. The analytical method used is Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The results obtained showed that the increase in manufacturing exports was not accompanied by the development of competitiveness which has been diminishing in recent years. Foreign Direct investment and GDP growth had positive impact on the export manufacturing sector. While variable real exchange rate had a negative impact on the export manufacturing sector in Indonesia.

Kata Kunci : ekspor manufaktur, revealed comparative advantage, investasi asing langsung, ordinary least square