EFEK ANTIMIKROBA PERASAN DAUN RUMPUT KEBAR (Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch) PADA IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) YANG DIINFEKSI Streptococcus iniae DAN IKAN KERAPU BEBEK(Chromyleptis altivelis) YANG TERINFEKSI Vibrio alginolyticus

DWI NURHAYATI, Prof. drh. Kurniasih, MVSc., Ph.D;Dr. drh. Surya Amanu, SU

2015 | Tesis | S2 Sain Veteriner

Usaha budidaya ikan nila dan kerapu bebek di perairan Indonesia banyak dirugikan akibat wabah penyakit bakterial. Penyakit bakterial yang penting adalah streptococcosis dan vibriosis yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Streptococcus iniae dan Vibrio alginolyticus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sensitifitas bakteri S. iniae dan V. alginolyticus dengan metode Kirby-Bauer terhadap perasan rumput Kebar secara in-vitro, mengetahui efektifitas perasan rumput Kebar terhadap pengobatan Streptococcosis pada nila dan Vibriosis pada kerapu bebek secara in-vivo, dan mengetahui perubahan histopatologi dari Vibriosis. Metode yang dilakukan adalah uji fitokimia dan determinasi, revirulensi bakteri, isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri, infeksi dan pengobatan ikan nila yang diinfeksi S. iniae dan ikan kerapu bebek yang terinfeksi alami V. alginolyticus. Ikan nila sebanyak 40 ekor diinfeksi S. iniae dibagi menjadi empat kelompok masing-masing 10 ekor, kelompok 1 diinfeksi bakteri S.iniae 107 sel/ml dan tanpa diobati, sedangkan kelompok 2, 3 dan 4 diinfeksi dan diobati enrofloksasin 20 ppm, oksitetrasiklin 20 ppm dan perasan daun rumput Kebar 50 ppm. Ikan kerapu bebek yang terinfeksi alami V. alginolyticus dibagi menjadi empat bak masing-masing bak berisi 20 ekor, kelompok 1 terinfeksi alami tanpa diobati, kelompok 2, 3 dan 4 diobati enrofloksasin 20 ppm, oksitetrasiklin 20 ppm dan perasan rumput kebar 50 ppm. Pengobatan dilakukan secara rendaman. Analisa data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sensitivitas bakteri S. iniae dan V. alginolyticus terhadap perasan daun rumput Kebar, perasan daun rumput Kebar efektif untuk pengobatan bakteri V. alginolyticus (Gram negatif) tetapi kurang efektif untuk S. iniae (Gram positif) secara in- vitro. Perasan rumput kebar dapat digunakan sebagai pengobatan Vibriosis pada ikan kerapu secara in-vivo. Vibriosis menyebabkan radang granulomatosa pada organ internal ikan kerapu bebek.

Many tilapia and duck grouper farmer in Indonesia suffer economic loss due to the infection of certain bacteria. One of the strategic disease occur oftenly in Indonesia are Streptococcusis and Vibriosis which are caused by Streptococcus iniae and Vibrio alginolyticus. The goal of this study was to study more about the sensitivity of Streptococcus iniae and Vibrio alginolyticus with Kirby-Bauer method to Kebar herbs juice invivo, the effectivity of kerbar herbs juice against Streptococcosis treatment in tilapian and Vibriosis in duck grouper by in-vivo method, and to study more about histopathological changes of Vibriosis disease. Method used in this research were phytochemical and determination test, bacterial revirulences, isolation and identification of bacteria, infection and treatment of S. iniae and duck grouper infected naturally with V. alginolyticus. Forty tilapia fish were infected with S. iniae were divided into 4 groups, each groups were consist of 10 fish. The first group were infected but not treated, in group 2, 3, and 4 were infected and treated with enrofloxacin, streptomicyn, and kebar herbs juice. Duck grouper which were infected naturally with V. alginolyticus were divided into 4 pool, each consist of 20 fishs. The first group were infected naturally and were ot treated, while group 2, 3 dan 4 were treated with enroflokxacyn, oxytetracycline, and dan kebar herbs juice. The data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that kebar herbs juice were effective to treat Vibrio alginolyticus (Gram negative) but was less effective to treat S. iniae (Gram positive) by in vitro. Kebar herbs juice could be used as a treatment of Vibriosis in duck grouper by in vivo. Vibriosis cause granulomatosa inflammation in internal organ of duck grouper.

Kata Kunci : Streptococcus iniae, Vibrio alginolyticus, rumput Kebar, antibiotik/Kebar hersb, antimikrobial, antibiotic