EFEKTIFITAS PREBIOTIK BERBAHAN DASAR TEPUNG GARUT PADA ANAK DENGAN DIARE CAIR AKUT

WAHYU DAMAYANTI, Prof. dr. Mohammad Juffrie, PhD,SpAK; dr. Endro Basuki, SpBS(K), MKes

2015 | Tesis | S2 Kedokteran Klinik/EK

LatarBelakang. Diare merupakan penyebab utama kesakitan dan kematian pada anak di negara berkembang. Pemberian prebiotik berbahan dasar tepung garut dapat menurunkan frekuensi diare, memperpendek penyembuhan diare, dan meningkatkan berat badan anak selama diare. Tujuan. Untuk membandingkan efektivitas prebiotik berbahan dasar tepung garut dalam mengurangi frekuensi diare, mempercepat lama penyembuhan diare cair akut dan meningkatkan berat badan selama sakit pada anak umur 6-59 bulan. Metode. Penelitian prospektif eksperimental acak buta ganda, anak dengan diare cair akut yang berusia 6-59 bulan, yang dirawat inap di RSUD Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten dan RSUD Sleman, pada bulan Januari 2012 sampai dengan Agustus 2013. Kriteria inklusi: adalah anak dengan diare cair akut. Kriteria eksklusi: diare dengan lendir darah, alergi terhadap tepung, diare cair akut dengan komplikasi berat seperti dehidrasi berat, asidosis metabolik, kejang, gizi buruk. Enam puluh pasien, dibagi menjadi dua kelompok secara acak, 30 anak diberikan biskuit garut yang mengandung prebiotik dan 30 anak diberikan biskuit gandum selama anak diare, dibandingkan lama penyembuhan diare, frekuensi diare tiap hari dan penambahan berat badan setelah pemberian biskuit garut yang mengandung prebiotik atau gandum. Hasil. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok yang diberi biskuit garut dengan kelompok pembanding pada kecepatan kesembuhan diare (p=0,431), pada kenaikan berat badan (p=0,757), maupun pada frekuensi diare selama perawatan (p=0,519). Pemberian biskuit garut tidak menyebabkan kembung (p=0,706). Frekuensi diare berhubungan dengan lama kesembuhan diare (r2=0,103). Kesimpulan. Prebiotik berbahan dasar garut tidak berpengaruh untuk mempercepat kesembuhan diare, mengurangi frekuensi diare dan meningkatkan berat badan selama diare. Kata kunci: diare cair akut, efektifitas, prebiotik tepung garut

Background: Acute watery diarrhea is one of theimportant main cause of morbidity and mortality in children living in developing countries. By giving arrowroot cookies as prebiotic can decrease the diarrheal frequency, shorten the healing time of acute watery diarrheal children and also increase their body weight. Few studies on the effectiveness of arrowroot cookies consumption on acute watery diarrheal childrenrecently. Therefore, more studies on that issues are needed. Objective: To find out wether arrowroot cookies as prebiotic group more effective on decreasing the frequency of diarrhea, shortening of the healing time of acute watery diarrhea and increasing of the children's body weight. Methods: Double blind prospective experimental research underwent to children aged 6-59 month that hospitalised for acute watery diarrhea at Soeradji Tirtonegoro Hospital Klaten and Sleman General Hospital, during January 2012 until July 2013, inclusion criteria: children with acute watery diarrhea, exclution criteria: bloody diarrhea patient, malnourished children, arrowroot allergies detected, and severe complicated diarrhea like meningitis, pneumonia, seizure. Sixty patientsdivided randomly into two group, 30 patients were treated with arrowroot cookies prebiotic and remaining 30 patients were given wheat cookies as placebo. The dependent variables were duration of diarrhea, frequency of diarrhea, and increasing of children's body weight in both groups. Result: There were no signifficant different between two group in shortening the healing time of acute watery diarrhea (p=0,431), in increasing of the children's body weight (p=0,757), and also in decreasing of the frequency of diarrhea in children (p=0,519). There was no bloating on arrowroot cookies consumption (p=0,706). The Linier regression analysis detected that was a correlation between diarrheal frequency and healing time of diarrhea (r2=0,103) Conclusion: Arrowroot cookies consumption can not be used to shortening the healing time of acute watery diarrhea, increasing of the body weight and also decreasing of the frequency of diarrhea in children. Key words: acute watery diarrhea, effectiveness, arrowroot cookies prebiotic

Kata Kunci : acute watery diarrhea, effectiveness, arrowroot cookies prebiotic