KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS IMAGO DAN NAIAD CAPUNG (INSECTA: ODONATA) DI TELAGA MADIRDA DAN AIR TERJUN JUMOG, BERJO, NGARGOYOSO, KARANGANYAR, JAWA TENGAH

MARKANTIA ZARRA P, Dr. RC. Hidayat Soesilohadi, M.S.

2015 | Tesis | S2 Biologi

Capung memiliki pola warna beragam, terdiri dari Subordo Anisoptera (dragonflies) dan Subordo Zygoptera (damselflies). Stadium immature (naiad) capung hidup di habitat perairan dan imago terbang tidak jauh dari perairan. Kecamatan Ngargoyoso, Kabupaten Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah berada di lereng Gunung Lawu memiliki beberapa objek ekowisata perairan. Telaga Madirda (TM) dan Air Terjun Jumog (ATJ) berada di Desa Berjo dipilih masing-masing untuk mewakili perairan menggenang (lentik) dan perairan mengalir (lotik). Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis imago dan naiad capung di TM dan ATJ. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Januari-Maret 2015. Imago capung ditangkap menggunakan insec-net pada 15 lokasi sampling (TM) dan 10 lokasi sampling (ATJ). Naiad capung dikoleksi menggunakan D-net pada 9 lokasi sampling (TM), 1 lokasi sampling (ATJ). Intensitas cahaya, suhu udara, kelembaban udara diukur pada saat sampling imago, sedangkan pH air, suhu air, DO (dissolved oxygen), kekeruhan air, intensitas cahaya diatas perairan diukur saat sampling naiad. Spesimen imago dijadikan awetan kering, spesimen naiad diawetkan menggunakan alkohol 70%. Spesimen diidentifikasi di Laboratorium Entomologi, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, LIPI Cibinong, Bogor. Perhitungan Indeks Keanekaragaman Jenis Imago menggunakan perhitungan Indeks Diversitas Simpson yaitu 0,8275 (TM) dan 0,6032 (ATJ). Nilai lebih dari 0,5 sehingga dapat dikatakan TM maupun ATJ memiliki ekosistem yang masih stabil. TM memiliki keanekaragaman jenis capung yang lebih tinggi (9 species dragonfly dan 7 species damselfly) dibandingkan ATJ (5 species dragonfly, 5 species damselfly). Keanekaragaman naiad di TM tercatat 3 family yaitu Libellulidae (Anisoptera), Coenagrionidae dan Platycnemididae (Zygoptera), sedangkan di ATJ 3 family tersebut ditambah Aeshnidae (Anisoptera).

Odonate consist of 2 suborders: Anisoptera (dragonflies) and Zygoptera (damselflies). They have varieties of color patterns. Immature stage (naiad) live in aquatic habitats and imago doesn't fly away from waters. Ngargoyoso sub-district, Karanganyar, Central Java, on slopes of Mount Lawu have several objects of ecotourism. Madirda Pond (TM) and Jumog Waterfall (ATJ) were selected to represent of still-waters (lentic) and flowing-waters (lotic). The purposes of the study were to determine diversity of odonate's imago and naiad in TM and ATJ. The study was conducted on January-March 2015. Odonate's imago collected by using insect-net at 15 sampling locations (TM) and 10 sampling locations (ATJ). Odonate's naiad collected by using the D-net at 9 sampling locations (TM), 1 sampling locations (ATJ). Light intensity, air temperature, air humidity were measured at the time of the imago's sampling. Then water pH, water temperature, DO (dissolved oxygen), turbidity, light intensity were measured when the naiad's sampling. Imago's specimens preserved dry, naiad's specimens preserved on 70% alcohol. Specimens were identified in the Laboratory of Entomology, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, LIPI Cibinong, Bogor. Calculation Diversity Index of Imago using Simpson's diversity index were 0.8275 (TM) and 0.6032 (ATJ). Values greater than 0.5 so it can be said that TM or ATJ has remained stable ecosystem. TM has diversity of odonate's imago higher (9 dragonflies species and 7 damselflies species) than ATJ (5 dragonflies species, 5 damselflies species). Diversity of odonate's naiad on TM recorded 3 families: Libellulidae (Anisoptera), Coenagrionidae and Platycnemididae (Zygoptera), besides third of those families on ATJ plus Aeshnidae (Anisoptera).

Kata Kunci : dragonflies, damselflies, Madirda pond, Jumog waterfall, biodiversity