ANALISIS KEPADATAN PENGHUNI, DRAINASE DAN JARAK ANTAR RUMAH TERHADAP KEPADATAN POPULASI NYAMUK VEKTOR PENYAKIT DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI KELURAHAN BAUSASRAN DAN PRINGGOKUSUMAN KOTA YOGYAKARTA

RANI PURNAMA SARI TOBING, dr. Tri Baskoro Tunggul Satoto, M.Sc, Ph.D., ; dr. Erna ningsih, DTM & H, M.Kes.,

2015 | Skripsi | S1 PENDIDIKAN DOKTER

Latar Belakang : Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) digolongkan sebagai masalah serius. faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian DBD disuatu wilayah adalah kondisi lingkungan rumah. Di Yogyakarta, kelurahan Bausasran merupakan daerah endemis tinggi dan kelurahan Pringgokusuman merupakan daerah endemis rendah. Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui pengaruh kepadatan penghuni, drainase dan jarak antar rumah terhadap kepadatan populasi nyamuk vektor DBD di kelurahan Bausasran dan di kelurahan Pringgokusuman. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain observasional retrospektif. Sampel yang digunakan beberapa pada masing-masing kelurahan adalah 57 rumah (Bausasran) dan 61 rumah (Pringgokusuman). Kepadatan populasi nyamuk dilakukan di dalam rumah dengan dengan alat Backpack Aspirator. Pemeriksaan kondisi drainase, kepadatan penghuni rumah dan jarak antar rumah dilakukan dengan observasi. Uji statistik menggunakan Kruskal Willis dan Mann Whitney. Hasil Penelitian: Pada Kelurahan Bausasran tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara drainase (p=0,902) dan kepadatan penghuni rumah (p=0,546) dengan kepadatan populasi nyamuk penyebab DBD, terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara jarak antar rumah dengan kepadatan populasi nyamuk penyebab DBD (p=0,044). Pada kelurahan Pringgokusuman tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara drainase (p=0,223), kepadatan penghuni rumah (p=0,483) jarak antar rumah (p=0,994) dengan kepadatan populasi nyamuk penyebab DBD. Kesimpulan: Jarak antar rumah berpengaruh terhadap kepadatan populasi nyamuk DBD di kelurahan Bausasran. Tidak terdapat pengaruh antara drainase, kepadatan penghuni rumah terhadap kepadatan populasi nyamuk DBD di kedua kelurahan. Tidak terdapat pengaruah jarak antar rumah terhadap kepadatan populasi nyamuk DBD di kelurahan Pringgokusuman. Kata Kunci: Aedes sp., kepadatan nyamuk, drainase, kepadatan penghuni, jarak antar rumah

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of the major health problem issues. The incident of DHF in a certain region is influenced by the surrounding environment. In Yogyakarta, the most endemic area of DHF is located in Bausasran, while the less one is occurred in Pringgokusuman. Objective: To discover the influence of the Inhabitant population density, drainage, and the distance between houses in relation to the DHF vector population in Bausasran and Pringgokusuman. Method: The research use retrospective observational design. Sample used are 57 houses (Bausasran) and 61 houses (Pringgokusuman). Mosquito population was measured using Backpack Aspirator and Microscope. The Assessment of water drainage, inhabitant population, and distance between houses were done by observation. Statistical tests used are Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney. Result: In Bausasran, there are no significant difference between the drainage (p=0,902) and the number of inhabitants (p=0,546) in relation to mosquito population. There Is significant difference between houses distance Related to mosquito population (p=0,044). In Pringgokusuman, there are no significant difference between the drainage (p=0,223), the number of inhabitants (p=0,994), distance between houses (p=0,483) related to mosquito population density. Conclusion: Distance between houses affects DHF mosquito population in Bausasran area. There are no influence of drainage, human population density in relation to DHF mosquito population in both areas. There is no influence of distance between houses in relation to DHF mosquito population density in Pringgokusuman. Keyword: Aedes sp., mosquito density, drainage, inhabitant density, distance between houses

Kata Kunci : Aedes sp., kepadatan nyamuk, drainase, kepadatan penghuni, jarak antar rumah