UJI ADAPTASI DAN KESTABILAN KARAKTER FENOTIP MELON ( Cucumis melo L. ) HIKAPEL HASIL PEMULIAAN

PRIYATNO SUWARDHANA, Dr. Budi Setiadi Daryono, M. Agr. Sc.

2015 | Skripsi | S1 BIOLOGI

Suku Cucurbitaceae telah lama dijadikan sebagai bahan pakan, minuman dan bahan potensial untuk bidang medis. Melon ( Cucumis melo L. ), anggota Cucurbitaceae yang memiliki 24 pasang kromosom merupakan tanaman yang digemari masyarakat. Melon Hikadi merupakan hasil persilangan Gama Melon Parfum dengan La-3 memiliki karakteristik handy melon dengan berat 250 - 400 gram. Hasil seleksi dan pengembangan varian baru dari Hikadi yaitu Hikadi aromatik, Hikadi granat dan Hikapel. Kultivar Hikapel yang menjadi objek penelitian akan melalui uji adaptasi yang terdiri dari uji multilokasi dan multimusim. Uji tersebut dilakukan untuk memperlihatkan kestabilan karakter fenotip yang dimiliki oleh melon (Cucumis melo L. Hikapel). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai dengan Mei di Kebun Pendidikan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian (KP4) dan karakterisasi fenotip dilakukan di Laboratorium Genetika Fakultas Biologi UGM. Sampel diambil menggunakan metode Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak untuk karakterisasi fenotipnya yaitu berat, bentuk buah, keliling buah, warna kulit buah, warna daging buah, nett, aroma, rasa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui berat buah Hikapel yaitu 400 - 700 gram. Selain itu, seluruh tanaman dan sebagian besar buah melon Hikapel telah menunjukkan karakter fenotip yang stabil yaitu buah sudah berbentuk bulat, berat berada di kisaran handy .

Cucurbitaceae tribe has long been used as food ingredients, beverage and potential material for the medical field. Melon (Cucumis melo L.), a member of the Cucurbitaceae which has 24 pairs of chromosomes is a plant popular within the public. Hikadi Melon is produced by mating Gama Melon Parfum with La-3, so it has handy characteristic and weighing around 250-400 grams. Further research and selections with Hikadi as the object, resulted in several new variants, those are aromatic Hikadi, grenades Hikadi and Hikapel. Hikapel cultivars, which became the object of research, has been going through adaptation test which is consisted of multiseason and multilocation trials. The tests were conducted to demonstrate the stability of the phenotypic characters owned by melon (Cucumis melo L. Hikapel). Research conducted in the month of February to May in the University Farm (KP4) and phenotype characterization performed at the Laboratory of Genetics Faculty of Biology. Samples were taken using a randomized complete design group for phenotype characterized some of which are fruit weight, fruit shape, fruit diameter , fruit skin color, flesh color, nett, aroma, flavor. Based on results, there are several points obtained, Hikapel fruit weight is within range of 400-700 grams. In addition, the entire crop and most of melon Hikapel have shown a stable phenotypic characters, such as fruit mostly had round shape, fruit weight is within range of handy.

Kata Kunci : Handy melon, Hikapel, test adaptation, stability phenotypic characters