AKUMULASI SERESAH DI BAWAH TEGAKAN CENDANA (Santalum album), GAMAL (Gliricidiasepium), DAN EBONI (Diospyroscelebica ) DI PETAK UKUR PERMANEN HUTAN PENDIDIKAN WANAGAMA I KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL D.I. YOGYAKARTA

HAMDAN NUGRAHA, Singgih Utomo, S.Hut., M.Sc.

2015 | Tugas Akhir | D3 KEHUTANAN

Berbagai jenis tumbuhan Wanagama I menghasilkan seresah yang merupakan lapisan tanah bagian atas, terdiri dari bagian tumbuhan yang telah mati seperti guguran daun , ranting dan cabang, bunga dan buah, kulit kayu serta bagian lainnya. Seresah tersebut menyebar di permukaan tanah di bawah hutan kemudian terakumulasi sebelum mengalami dekomposisi. Tujuan penelitian ini ntuk mengetahui jumlah seresah pada tegakan cendana, eboni, dan gamal di Hutan Pendidikan Wanagama I, juga untuk mengetahui gambaran jenis apa yang bagus untuk rehabilitasi lahan kritis. Metode yang dilakukan menggunakan analisis deskriptif dari nilai rata-rata sampel berat kering seresah (litter dan fragmented) setiap PUP (Petak Ukur Permanen) pada tegakan eboni (Diospyros celebica), gamal (gliricidia sepium), dan cendana (Santalum album) dengan tiga plot sampel kuadratik 0,5 x 0,5 meter kemudian dilakukan pengeringan sampai dengan berat konstan. Kemudian di konversikan ke dalam satuan ton/ha pada masing-masing tegakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada masing-masing tegakan memiliki jumlah akumulasi seresah yang berbeda - beda. Di bawah jenis tegakan eboni mendapatkan nilai akumulasi seresah fragmented tertinggi yaitu 4,9 ton/ha, tegakan gamal yaitu 4,2 ton/ha, dan tegakan cendana yaitu 3,7 ton/ha. Jumlah akumulasi seresah litter yang paling banyak adalah tegakan cendana yaitu 1,6 ton/ha, tegakan eboni yaitu 1,4 ton/ha, dan tegakan gamal yatu 1,1 ton/ha. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa seresah yang ada di bawah tegakan tersebut memiliki nilai yang berbeda-beda berdasarkan kondisi fisik dan kimia jenis yang bersangkutan dan iklim mikro pada masing-masing tegakan.

Various types of plants in Wanagama Educational Forest I produce litter which is the upper soil layer, consisting of parts of plants that have died such as fallen leaves, twigs and branches, flowers and fruits, bark and so on. This litter spreads on surface soil in the forest and accumulates before it decomposes. This research is aimed at examining the amount of litter produced by sandalwood, ebony, and gamal standing stock in the Wanagama Educational Forest I, as well as a picture on the species which is most suitable for rehabilitation of degraded land. A descriptive analysis was performed as the method to analyze the average value of the dry-weighted sample litter (litter and fragmented) for each permanent sample plot of ebony (Diospyros celebica), gamal (Gliricidia sepium), and sandalwood (Santalum album) standing stock in three quadratic sample plots of 0.5 x 0.5 meters. Then, the drying process was conducted until it reached the constant weight. Furthermore, it was converted into a unit of ton/ha for each tree. The findings suggest each standing stock produced a different amount of accumulated litter. Ebony generated the highest amount of fragmented litter accumulation, i.e. 4.9 ton/ha, as for gamal and sandalwood, their fragmented litter accumulation was equal to 4.2 tons/ha and 3.7 ton/ha, respectively. The highest total amount of accumulated litter was produced by sandalwood standing stock, which was 1.6 ton/ha, as for ebony and gamal, their fragmented litter accumulation was equal to 1.4 tons/ha and 1.1 ton/ha, respectively. This implies that litter falling under the standing stock has different values depending on the physical and chemical conditions of each species as well as the microclimate in each standing stock.

Kata Kunci : akumulasi, seresah, eboni, gamal, cendana/accumulation, litter, ebony, gamal, sandalwood