ANALISIS DAYA SAING EKSPOR UBI KAYU INDONESIA KE CHINA DAN AMERIKA SERIKAT

HERDIANA ANGGRASARI, Dr. Jangkung Handoyo Mulyo, M.Ec.; Prof. Dr. Ir. Masyhuri

2015 | Skripsi | S1 SOSIAL EKONOMI PERTANIAN (AGROBISNIS)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis daya saing ekspor ubi kayu Indonesia di Pasar Internasional, China dan Amerika Serikat, serta menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi daya saing ubi kayu Indonesia di pasar tersebut. Daya saing ubi kayu Indonesia dianalisis menggunakan RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantage), ISP (Trade Specialization Index), AR (Acceleration Ratio) dan IPP (Market Penetrasi Indeks), sedangkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi daya saing ekspor ubi kayu Indonesia dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya saing ekspor ubi kayu Indonesia di pasar internasional dan China memiliki keunggulan komparatif di atas rata-rata pasar internasional dan China, selain itu Indonesia merupakan negara net exportir dalam tahap kemandirian, namun belum dapat merebut pangsa ekspor. Daya saing ekspor ubi kayu Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat belum memiliki keunggulan komparatif dan dalam tahap perluasan ekspor sehingga berpotensi dapat merebut pangsa pasar ubi kayu di Amerika Serikat. Daya saing ekspor ubi kayu Indonesia di pasar Internasional dipengaruhi secara positif oleh volume ekspor dan rasio produksi, serta dipengaruhi secara negatif oleh harga ubi kayu domestik. Daya saing ekspor ubi kayu Indonesia di China dipengaruhi secara positif oleh harga ubikayu China, nilai tukar, volume ekspor dan produksi ubikayu domestik, serta dipengaruhi secara negatif oleh harga ubi kayu domestik, sedangkan daya saing ekspor ubi kayu Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat dipengaruhi secara positif oleh volume ekspor dan produksi ubi kayu domestik serta dipengaruhi secara negatif oleh rasio harga ubi kayu Indonesia dengan Amerika Serikat.

This study aims to analyze the Indonesian competitiveness cassava export to the international market, China and United States of America and to analyze the factors influenced to Indonesian competitiveness cassava export in that market. The Export competitiveness analyze by using RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantage), ISP (Trade Specialization Index), AR (Acceleration Ratio) dan (IPP) Market Penetrasi Index, while the factors influenced competitiveness of Indonesian exports of cassava analyzed using multiple linear regression model. This study shows that the competitiveness of cassava exports in the international market and China has a comparative advantage over the average international market and China, besides Indonesia is a net exporter in the stage of independence, but have not been able to seize the share of exports. Competitiveness of Indonesian cassava exports in the United States of Amerika market has not had a comparative advantage and are in the stage of export expansion so that potentially can capture market share cassava in that market. Competitiveness of Indonesian cassava exports in the international market positively influenced by the volume of exports and production ratio and negatively affected by the price of domestic cassava. Competitiveness of Indonesian cassava exports in the China market positively influenced by the price of cassava China, the exchange rate, the volume of exports and domestic production of cassava, and negatively affected by the price of domestic cassava, while the export competitiveness of cassava Indonesia in the United States market was positively affected by volume of exports and domestic production of cassava and negatively affected by the ratio of the price of cassava Indonesia with the United States.

Kata Kunci : daya saing, ubi kayu, keunggulan komparatif