KEMANDIRIAN ALUMNI PENERIMA MANFAAT BALAI PELAYANAN SOSIAL ASUHAN ANAK WILOSO MUDA MUDI PURWOREJO PASCA PENDAMPINGAN

DYAH AYU MUSTIKA RINI, Dr. S. Djuni Prihatin, M.Si

2015 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU PEMBANGUNAN SOSIAL DAN KESEJAHTERAAN (SOSIATRI)

Peran orang tua di dalam keluarga sangatlah penting dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan seorang anak. Anak menjadi terlantar ketika tidak berfungsinya peran orang tua dalam memberikan pelayanan dan pemenuhan kebutuhan anak. Pelayanan dalam sistem panti menjadi alternatif terakhir ketika orang tua tidak mampu menjalankan fungsi tersebut. Tujuan akhir dari sistem seperti ini adalah keberfungsian sosial para binaannya, dalam arti anak dididik dalam panti dan setelah keluar mereka akan mampu mandiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemandirian alumni penerima manfaat Balai Pelayanan Sosial Asuhan Anak Wiloso Muda Mudi Purworejo. Subyek adalah alumni penerima manfaat Balai Pelayanan Sosial Asuhan Anak Wiloso Muda Mudi Purworejo. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Metode kualitatif dilaksanakan dengan pengamatan, wawancara dan penelaahan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sesuai dengan aspek-aspek kemandirian menunjukkan subyek memiliki karakteristik yang belum sepenuhnya mandiri terutama pada aspek ekonomi. Pada aspek emosi, alumni penerima manfaat sudah mempunyai rasa tanggung jawab terhadap diri sendiri, mempunyai rasa percaya diri, tetapi masih ada ketergantungan secara emosi terutama pada anak yang baru keluar dari balai pelayanan sosial asuhan anak. Pada aspek ekonomi, sebagian besar alumni penerima manfaat bisa dikatakan sudah mampu bekerja, tetapi belum bisa dikatakan sepenuhnya mandiri dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya, hal ini karena pekerjaan yang belum tetap, penghasilan yang belum memadai dan masih adanya ketergantungan dengan orang tua maupun keluarga. Pada aspek intelektual, alumni penerima manfaat mampu menyelesaikan masalah yang dihadapi. Serta pada aspek sosial, alumni penerima manfaat mampu bersosialisasi dengan baik. Menurut faktor-faktor eksternal yang membentuk kemandirian, faktor lingkungan yang membentuk kemandirian alumni penerima manfaat yakni lingkungan balai pelayanan sosial asuhan anak. Faktor pola asuh yakni berupa bentuk pengasuhan dari balai. Faktor pendidikan yakni melalui pendidikan formal di sekolah maupun bimbingan di balai. Faktor interaksi sosial yakni anak mampu berinteraksi dengan orang lain dan mudah menyesuaikan diri dengan lingkungan. Kemudian intelegensi yakni ditunjukkan dengan cara kemampuan anak dalam mengambil keputusan dalam menyelesaikan masalah.

The role of parents in the family is very important in the growth and development of the child. Children become displaced when a malfunction of the role of parents in providing services and meeting the needs of children. Services in the orphanage system, becomes the last alternative when the parents are not able to perform these functions. The goal is the social functioning of the beneficiaries, in the sense that children are educated in the social services child care centers, and after exiting they will be able to be independent. The independence of a person is reflected in the emotional aspects, economic aspects, aspects of intellectual and social aspects. And then environment factor, upbringing, education, social interaction and intelligence factor. Social Services Child Care Centers Wiloso Muda Mudi Purworejo provide education and guidance counseling for abandoned children so that they are capable of independent, not dependence with others and able to work to meet their needs. This study aims to determine the independence of the former beneficiaries of Social Services Child Care Centres Wiloso Muda Mudi Purworejo. In this study used a qualitative research method is descriptive. Qualitative methods implemented by observation, interview and documentation. Informants are alumni of beneficiaries and trustees of Social Services Child Care Center Wiloso Muda Mudi Purworejo. Interviews were conducted openly with the technique of determining the informant by purposive technique. According to research results, based on aspects of independence show the subject has characteristics, especially on the economic aspects. On the emotional aspects, alumni of beneficiaries already have a sense of responsibility towards themselves, have confidence, but there are still emotional dependence, especially in children just out of the social services child care centers. In the economic aspect, most of the alumni of the beneficiaries could be said to have been able to work, but can not be said to be entirely self-sufficient in meeting their needs, it is because of the work that has not been fixed, inadequate income and still their dependence on parents and families. In the intellectual aspect, alumni of beneficiaries able to finish the problems encountered. As well as on the social aspect, the alumni beneficiaries were able to socialize well. According to the external factors that form of independence, self-reliance environmental factors that shape the environment of alumni beneficiaries of social services child care centers. Factors parenting, nurturing a form of social service child care centers. The education factor, through formal education in schools as well as guidance on social services child care centers. Social interaction factor, children are able to interact with others and easily adjust to the environment. The intelligence factor, children are able to take a decision in resolving the issue.

Kata Kunci : kemandirian, alumni penerima manfaat, balai pelayanan sosial asuhan anak