Pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah kabupaten dan kota di Propinsi DIY

SUSILA, Wiwin Taruna, Dra. Ch. Suparmi, S.U

2003 | Tesis | Magister Ekonomika Pembangunan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah, mengidentifikasi komponen pertumbuhan propinsi, pergeseran proporsional, keunggulan kompetitif dan mengidentifikasi sektor basis di kabupaten dan kota di Propinsi DIY. Alat analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis laju pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pendapatan per kapita, analisis shift—share dan analisis sektor basis. Penelitian dilakukan di Propinsi DIY yang meliputi 4 kabupaten dan 1 kota yaitu Kulonprogo, Bantul, Gunungkidul, Sleman dan Kota Yogyakarta. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder tahun 1993-2000 yang meliputi data PDRB, pendapatan per kapita Propinsi DIY dan data dari 4 kabupaten dan 1 kota di Propinsi DIY. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara mencatat data yang tersedia di instansi BPS Propinsi DIY. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa dalam kurun waktu 1993-2000, karakteristik pertumbuhan ekonomi Kota Yogyakarta termasuk kiasifikasi daerah maju dan tumbuh cepat, Gunungkidul dan Sleman termasuk daerah berkembang cepat, sedangkan daerah yang relatif tertinggal adalah KUlonprogo dan Bantul. Dari analisis shift-share menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan propinsi akan meningkatkan pertumbuhan daerah, total pengaruh pergeseran proporsional bernilai positif di Kota Yogyakarta yang menunjukkan bahwa daerah tersebut telah melakukan spesialisasi pada sektor-sektor yang tumbuh lebih cepat di propinsi. Kulonprogo memiliki 1 sektor kompetitif, Bantul memiliki 4 sektor kompetitif, Gunungkidul memiliki 6 sektor kompetitif, Sleman memiliki 5 sektor kompetitif dan Kota Yogyakarta memiliki 4 sektor kompetitif. Dari hasil analisis sektor basis, bahwa sektor pertanian menjadi basis di Kulonprogo, Bantul dan Gunungkidul. Sektor pertambangan dan penggalian hanya menjadi basis di Gunungkidul, sektor industri pengolahan menjadi basis di Bantul dan Sleman, sektor listrik, gas dan air menjadi basis di Kota Yogyakarta, sektor bangunan menjadi basis di Bantul, Gunungkidul dan Sleman, sektor perdagangan, hotel dan restoran menjadi basis di Bantul, Sleman dan Kota Yogyakarta, sektor pengangkutan, komunikasi menjadi basis di Kota Yogyakarta, sektor keuangan menjadi basis di Sleman dan Kota Yogyakarta dan sektor jasa menjadi basis di Kulonprogo dan Kota Yogyakarta.

This study was aimed to find out the caracteristic of economic growth, identify of province share, proportional shift, competitive eminent and identify the basis sector in the district of regency and county in DIY County. The analysis method used was economic growth velocity and gross revenue, shift-share analysis and basis sector analysis. This study was carried out in DIY Province, comprising of 4 regencies and 1 county, i.e. Kulonprogo, Bantul, Gungungkidul, Sleman Regencies and Yogyakarta County. The data used were Produk Domestic Regional Bruto (PDRB), the data of gross revenue of DIY Province and the data from 4 regencies and 1 county in DIY Province: The data was collected by taking note the data, available in BPS Institution of DIY Province. The result of the study showed that in the period of 1993-2000, the model of the economic growth in Yogyakarta County included in the classification of advanced district and rapidly growing, Gunungkidul and Sleman Regencies included in the fast developed district, while the districts left behind were Kulonprogo and Bantul Regencies. From the result of the shift-share analysis, showed that the province share can to increase the local growth, the total proportional movement of influence was positive in Yogyakarta County, showing that those county had carried out specialization in .the sectors growing faster compared with province. Kulonprogo had 1 competitive sector, Bantul had 4 competitive sectors, Gunungkidul had 6 competitive sectors, Sleman had 5 competitive sectors and Yogyakarta County had 4 competitive sectors. From the result of basis sector analysis, that the agricultural sector became basis sector in Kulonprogo, Bantul, and Gunungkidul. Mining and digging sectors just merely became basis sector in Gunungkidul, the sector of managing industry was the basis sector of Bantul and Sleman, electrical sector, gas and water became the basis sector in Yogyakarta County, building sector became the basis sector in Bantul, Gunungkidul, Sleman and Yogyakarta County, the transportation and communication sector, became the basis sector in Yogyakarta, financial sector was the basis sector in Sleman and Yogyakarta County and service sector became the basis sector in Kulonprogo and Yogyakarta County.

Kata Kunci : Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Pemda Tk II