Dampak proyek penangulangan kemiskinan perkotaan (P2KP) dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat, 1999-2000 :: Studi kasus di desa Margoagung kecamatan Seyegan kabupaten Sleman

RAMINTA, Drs. M. Adnan Hadjam, M.A

2003 | Tesis | Magister Ekonomika Pembangunan

Penelitian ini bertujuan ingin mengetahui dampak Proyek Penanggulangan Kemiskinan Perkotaan Dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat, terutama menganalisis perkembangan tingkat pendapatan per KK sebelum dan setelah P2KP, mengetahui ketepatan sasaran penyaluran dana P2KP, tingkat penciptaan kesempatan kerja setelah adanya P2KP. Lokasi penelitian ini di Desa Margoagung Kecamatan Seyegan Kabupaten Sleman dengan menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Data primer didapat dengan penyebaran kuesioner pada masyarakat anggota KSM, dan data sekunder didapat dengan melihat data di Bappeda, Badan Keswadayaan Masyarakat Desa Margoagung kemudian dianalisis perbedaan sebelum dan setelah P2KP. Temuan yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini ternyata P2KP mampu meningkatkan pendapatan per keluarga dan tabungan anggota-anggota KSM. Hal ini bisa dilihat dari pendapatan dan tabungan per keluarga sebelum (1999) dan setelah (2000) P2KP. Penyaluran dana P2KP telah memenuhi tujuan dan sasaran utamanya pada keluarga miskin, dan P2KP mampu menciptakan kesempatan kerja. Sesuai dengan hasil analisis, pendapatan per KK anggota KSM rata -rata meningkat sebesar Rp4.277,00 (138%), Rp10.261,00 (98%), Rp5.595 (88%), Rp11.838 (113%), Rp8.918 (51%), dan Rp11.000 (16%) per hari. Berdasarkan pernyataan 120 responden didapat hasil; 79 KK atau 66% menyatakan bahwa P2KP telah memenuhi tujuan dan sasaran pada keluarga miskin, 37 KK atau 31% menyatakan belum memenuhi, dan 4 KK atau 3% mengatakan tidak tahu. Ada 98 KK atau 82% menyatakan P2KP mampu menciptakan kesempatan kerja, dan 22 KK atau 18% menyatakan P2KP tidak mampu menciptakan kesempatan kerja. Peningkatan pendapatan per KK tersebut, masih tetap dalam kategori miskin, hal ini diukur dari upah minimal propinsi (UMP) sebesar Rp321.000,00 per bulan atau Rp10.700,00 per hari. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, pemerintah harus melakukan pemantauan dan pembinaan terhadap pengelolaan dana P2KP tersebut agar pemanfaatan dapat maksimal, mampu meningkatkan pendapatan per KK meningkat sesuai dengan program P2KP sehingga kesejahteraan masyarakat.

This research aims to discover an impact of the Urban Poverty Tackling Project in increasing Society Properity (P2KP), especially to analyze the income development level per family before and after P2KP, to know the accuracy of the P2KP fund distribution target, and the level of work opportunity creation after P2KP. The research location is selected in the village of Margoagung, Seyegan sub-district, the Region of Sleman, using primary and secondary data. The primary data is obtained by using a distribution of questionnaires towards the community, who are the members of KSM, and the secondary data is obtained by observing the data from the Agency for Regional Development (Bappeda), from Agency for Society Supporting Of Margoagung village, then the difference between them is analysed before and after P2KP. The finding obtained in this research apparently that P2KP is able to increase the income per family and savings of KSM members. The fact can be seen from the income and savings per family before P2KP 1999 and after P2KP 2000. The distribution of the P2KP fund has fulfilled its aim and the primary target for poor family, and the P2KP is able to create work opportunity. In accordance to the analysis result, the income per family of KSM member increases approximately in the amount of Rp4.277,00(138%), Rp10.261,00 or (98%), Rp5.595 or (88%), Rp11.838,00 or (113%), and Rp11.000,00 or (16%) per day . According to the statement of 120 respondents, obtained a result: 79 families or 66% give a statement that P2KP has fulfilled its objective and goal for the poor family, 87 famillies or 30% give a statement that the P2KP hasn’t fulfilled its objectives and goal, and 4 families 0r 3% give a statement that they do not know about it. There are 98 famillies or 82% which give statement, that the P2KP is able to create work opportunity, and 22 families or 18% give a statetment that the P2KP is able to create work apportunity. The increase og income per family above is still in the category of poor, this measured using provincial minimum salary (UMP) in the amount of Rp312.000,00 per month or Rp10.700,00 per day. It is the fact that the government should implement a monitoring and a guiding towards the management of P2KP fund in order to maximize the advantage, and also can increase the income per family in accordance to th P2KP program, so that the community prosperity also can be improved.

Kata Kunci : Kemiskinan, Pengentasan, P2KP