KORELASI JUMLAH TELUR CACING TERHADAP POPULASI CACING SALURAN INTESTINAL BURUNG MERPATI (Columba livia)

SHERLY ANGGUN W. RAMANDEY, drh. Ana Sahara,M.Si.

2014 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN HEWAN

Indonesia dengan kekayaan fauna kelas Aves memiliki berbagai jenis burung, salah satunya adalah burung merpati (Columba livia). Infestasi parasit cacing merupakan salah satu masalah yang sering dialami pemilik burung. Penelitian tentang parasit cacing di dalam saluran pencernaan merpati masih sedikit dilakukan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui korelasi jumlah telur cacing terhadap populasi cacing saluran intestinal burung merpati (Columba livia). Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan 10 ekor burung merpati. Burung merpati diperoleh dari Tasikmalaya dan Yogyakarta. Merpati dieutanasi dengan cara emboli pada jantung. Nekropsi dilakukan untuk mengeluarkan saluran intestinal dari duodenum sampai kloaka dan pengambilan feses dari kloaka. Pemeriksaan cacing dilakukan dengan membuka saluran intestinal dan pemeriksaan telur cacing di feses. Cacing cestoda yang ditemukan dimasukkan dalam larutan Alcohol Formal Acetic acid (A.F.A.), kemudian dilakukan pengecatan menggunakan Semichon's Carmine. Cacing nematoda yang ditemukan dimasukkan ke dalam larutan Lactophenol. Kemudian dilakukan identifikasi cacing di bawah mikroskop binokuler. Pemeriksaan feses menggunakan metode Natif, Sentrifus dan McMaster. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa jenis-jenis parasit cacing yang ditemukan pada saluran intestinal merpati (Columba livia) adalah Ascaridia galli, Raillietina echinobothrida,dan Raillietina tetragona. Jumlah telur cacing Ascaridia galli rata-rata 860,00± 3,80,643 telur sedangkan populasi cacing Ascaridia galli di saluran intestinal rata-rata sebesar 12,00± 7,601 individu cacing. Hasil perhitungan regresi diperoleh gambaran bahwa koefisien regresi (b) antara jumlah telur cacing terhadap populasi cacing saluran intestinal sebesar 0,020 ini berarti untuk setiap satu-satuan jumlah telur cacing pada burung merpati bertambah maka jumlah cacing pada burung merpati akan bertambah sebesar 0,020 cacing. Sedangkan koefisien korelasi (r) adalah 0,991 hal ini berarti ada hubungan yang baik antara jumlah telur cacing terhadap populasi cacing saluran intestinal burung merpati ( P<0,05) persamaan regresi untuk jumlah telur cacing terhadap populasi cacing saluran intestinal adalah Y= -5,015+0,020X.

Indonesia is rich in fauna class Aves, having different types of bird species that one is dove (Columba livia). Parasitic helminth infestation is one of the often problems experienced by bird owner. Researches on parasitic helminths in the dove digestive tract are still have minimally done in Indonesia. This research was conducted to determine the correlation of helminth eggs and helminth population in intestinal tract of dove (Columba livia). The research was conducted using 10 doves. Doves were gotten from Tasikmalaya and Yogyakarta. Doves eutanized by cardiac emboli. Necropsy was aimed to get the digestive tract, from doudenum to cloaca and get feces from cloaca. Examination performed by opening the intestinal tract and examination helminth eggs in the feces. Cestoda helminths were found to store in Alcohol Formal Acetic acid (A.F.A.), then were stained with Semichon's Carmine. Nematoda helminths were found to store in Lactophenol. Then the helminths were identificated by a binocular microscope. Identificated and Counting helminth's egg in the feces used the Natif, sentrifugase, and McMaster method. The results of this research is the types of parasitic worms that are found in the intestinal tract of dove (Columba livia) are Ascaridia galli, Raillietina echinobothrida, and Raillietina tetragona. The average of total helminth eggs is 860,00± 3,80,643 eggs and the average of helminths population is 12,00± 7,601 helminth. The regression account is gotten indicating that the regression coefficient (b) is 0,020 this means that every each of helminth eggs in dove increase the total of helminth will increase 0,020 helminth. And the correlation coefficient (r) is 0,991. This means that there is linier correlation between the total of helminth eggs and the population helminths in the intestinal tract of dove (P <0.05). The linier regression equation for the total of helminth eggs and the population helminths in the intestinal tract of dove is Y= -5,015+0,020X.

Kata Kunci : Columba livia, cacing, feses, saluran intestinal, telur cacing