Koordinasi Antar Pemangku Kepentingan Dalam Pengiriman Pasukan Perdamaian Indonesia Pada Pelaksanaan Tugas Kontingen Garuda XXIII A - E / UNIFIL tahun 2006-2010 Ke Lebanon

YOSEPH MARIA M. BINTORO, Prof. Dr. M. Mohtar Mas'oed, MA

2015 | Tesis | S2 Magister Perdamaian dan Resolusi Konflik

Indonesia telah menunjukkan komitmen terhadap kehormatan martabat manusia dengan melaksanakan mandat PBB mengirim pasukan pemeliharaan perdamaian sejak tahun 1957. Konflik Israel – Lebanon tahun 2006, menjadi titik balik perubahan tata kelola pada pengiriman pasukan pemeliharaan perdamaian Indonesia sesuai mandat PBB. Terjadinya perubahan lingkungan strategis dan kompleksitas masalah konflik tidak bisa lagi ditangani secara traditional peacekeeping, melainkan secara multidimentional peacekeeping. Perubahan ini menuntut kapabilitas koordinasi bagi pemangku kepentingan di Indonesia yang belum optimal menyangkut: kesatuan intepretasi atas visi, arahan strategis maupun taktis, mekanisme kerja yang jelas, kapabilitas penyiapan pasukan sesuai target dan fasilitas dimana tujuan dari sasaran yang diingkan dapat terealisasi. Koordinasi antar pemangku kepentingan akan memberi pengaruh positif terjadinya perubahan menuju tata kelola pemerintahan menuju good governance yang dilandasi dengan kemampuan menggunakan diplomasi pertahanan demi kepentingan tercapainya cita-cita nasional. Pelaksanaan koordinasi baik yang bersifat strategis maupun taktis pengiriman pasukan pemeliharaan perdamaian dilaksanakan oleh Presiden, Kementerian Luar Negeri beserta Penmil PTRI, Kementerian Pertahanan, Mabes TNI bersama PMPP dan DPR sebagai mitra pemerintah. Perubahan pola koordinasi paling signifikan terjadi dalam penyiapan pengiriman pasukan pemeliharaan perdamaian Indonesia Garuda XXIII A-E/UNIFIL ke Lebanon pada kurun waktu 2006 – 2010. Periode ini menjadi saat yang baik untuk mengamati peran dan koordinasi antar pemangku kepentingan, melihat permasalahan, tantangan, upaya serta evaluasi pengiriman pasukan TNI agar TNI semakin profesional melaksanakan tugas operasi pemeliharaan perdamaian di masa mendatang yang bermuara pada citra positif bangsa Indonesia di mata dunia dan menunjukkan kepedulian serta komitmen Indonesia terhadap kemanusiaan.

The Indonesian Government has shown its commitment to human value. Since the year of 1957, under the UN’s mandate the Indonesian Military Force always actively commited to UN’s roles e.g. to send military force to keep the peace. Due to the uprising Israeli conflict in Lebanon, there was a change of the system management in the mission of peace-keeping force. The present strategic environment and the problem-complexity is now different from the previous ones which at that time were handled by the UN. The nature of the conflict can not be handled by traditional patterns, but must be handled by multidimentional approaches. In this case it needs coordination capability. It is a pity that our interested an involved party has not been optimal e.g. there is different interpretation regarding the vision and mission, regarding the strategic and tactical goal, the preparation of targeted military force and the intended objectives which may be realized. A good coordination among the interested and involved persons will give a positive influence to the government to establish a good government based on the defence diplomatic capability for the sake of the achievement of national hope and ideal. A good strategic and tactical coordination and the mission of peace keeping operations should be handled and managed by the President with the Foreign Minister, Defence Minister, Military Advisor part of Indonesian Embassy in UN New York, TNI Headquarters and Indonesia Peace and Security Center (IPSC/PMPP TNI) and Indonesian House of Repersentative who were as interested stakeholders and involved in the case. The periode of 2006-2010 was a good sample for us. At that time before the Government sent his peace keeping force called KONGA XXIII A-E/UNIFIL to Lebanon, first the Government investigated and studied the problems and the challenges of coordination beetwen the goverment interested stakeholder which might exist and also evaluated the mission including its preparation, professional military training, operation duties etc. The Indonesian Government and the Indonesian Military Force at that time really gave a positive and good image to the world, regarding their attention to human value.

Kata Kunci : Misi Perdamaian, Koordinasi, Pemangku Kepentingan, Profesionalisme TNI