PENGEMBANGAN MODEL UNTUK PENILAIAN KUALITAS SUARA GAMELAN BALI

DEVY DWI ORSHELLA, ANDI RAHADIYAN WIJAYA, S.T., M.SC., LIC., PH.D

2015 | Tesis | S2 Teknik Industri

Perkembangan Gamelan Bali saat ini dinilai berpotensi untuk meningkatkan perekonomian Indonesia. Namun usia dan keterbatasan pendengaran pengrajin Gamelan menjadi kendala, dimana regenerasi penerusnya tidak berlangsung dengan baik dan tidak disertai dengan dokumentasi teknis yang memadai. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun model regresi yang dapat menggantikan expert judgment dalam menilai kualitas suara Gamelan Bali, serta mengetahui faktor yang paling berpengaruh. Penelitian diawali dengan merekam suara Gamelan Bali (Gangsa) dan memodifikasi serta menganalisa hingga diperoleh 4 jenis suara sebagai objek penelitian. Deskripsi 12 nilai psychoacoustic dilakukan pada 4 jenis suara tersebut, serta penilaian kualitas berdasarkan persepsi 45 orang pakar di bidang Gamelan Bali dengan pendekatan paired comparisons method. Pembangunan model dilakukan dengan partial least square regression pada nilai persepsi responden sebagai variabel dependen, dan nilai psychoacoustic sebagai variabel independennya. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh 5 buah model untuk masing-masing bilah Gamelan Bali, dengan nilai prediksi berkisar 65-79%. Berdasarkan model yang dibangun, diketahui nilai akustik yang paling memberikan pengaruh terhadap kualitas suara Gamelan Bali diantaranya yakni root mean square energy, sharpness, dan B-weighted level. Kata kunci : kualitas suara, Gamelan Bali, paired comparisons method, psychoacoustical descriptors, partial least square regression

Balinese Gamelan developments currently assessed potential to improve the economy of Indonesia. Yet, age and hearing impairment become the craftsmen obstacles in which regeneration successors is not going well and not supported by adequate documents. Therefore, this research objective is to construct a regression model that can subtitute an expert judgment as well as discovering the most influential factor in assessing the quality of the sound of Balinese Gamelan. The research begins with Balinese Gamelan sound recording, then modify and analyze to obtain 4 types of sounds as an object of research. Description of 12 values psychoacoustic performed on the 4 types of sound, as well as the quality assessment its based on the perception of 45 experts of Balinese Gamelan using paired comparisons method. The construction of the model is built using partial least square regression wherein the value perception of respondents as the dependent variable and the value of psychoacoustic as independent variables. The research results obtained 5 models for each blade of Balinese Gamelans with predicted values approximately 65-79%. Based on constructed models, the most influential acoustic values on the sound quality of Balinese Gamelans are the root mean square of energy, sharpness, and B-weighted level. Keywords : sound quality, Balinese Gamelans, paired comparisons method, psychoacoustical descriptors, partial least square regression.

Kata Kunci : kualitas suara, Gamelan Bali, paired comparisons method, psychoacoustical descriptors, partial least square regression / sound quality, Balinese Gamelans, paired comparisons method, psychoacoustical descriptors, partial least square regression.