Pembentukan Identitas Remaja Pada Konteks Indonesia

DARMAWAN MUTTAQIN, Prof. Dr. Endang Ekowarni

2015 | Tesis | S2 Psikologi

Pengaruh konteks terhadap pembentukan identitas penting diteliti karena variasi konteks dapat menyebabkan perbedaan proses, struktur, dan hasil dari pembentukan identitas remaja. Pada konteks Indonesia, orang tua cenderung dominan terhadap anak sehingga mematuhi orang tua merupakan kewajiban bagi remaja Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami komponen pembentukan identitas remaja pada konteks Indonesia, terutama terkait perbedaan gender dan kelompok usia serta keterkaitan antar komponen pembentukan identitas. Subjek penelitian adalah 450 (225 laki-laki dan 225 perempuan) remaja Indonesia berusia 12-21 tahun yang terdiri dari remaja awal, tengah, dan akhir. Alat ukur Identity Style Inventory, Utrecht-Management of Identity Commitments Scale, dan Ego Identity Process Questionnaire digunakan untuk mengukur gaya identitas (informatif, normatif, menunda-menghindar), dimensi identitas (komitmen, eksplorasi mendalam, peninjauan kembali komitmen), dan status identitas (diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, dan achievement). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan gaya, dimensi, dan status identitas ditinjau dari gender dan kelompok usia. Keterkaitan antara gaya, dimensi, dan status identitas remaja juga ditemukan pada konteks Indonesia.

Research regarding contextual influence towards adolescent identity formation is important since variation in context can cause different process, structure, and outcome of adolescent identity formation. In the Indonesian context, parents have a tendency to be dominant to their children, and being a compliance child is an obligation for Indonesian adolescents.The aim of this study was to understand adolescent identity formation component in Indonesian context, considering gender differences, age groups, and correlation between components as well. This study involved 450 indonesian adolescents aged 12-21 years (225 boys and 225 girls) that constituted of early, middle, and late adolescents. This study used Identity Style Inventory to assess identity style (informational, normative, diffuse-avoidant), Utrecht-Management of Identity Commitments Scale to assess the identity dimensions (commitment, in-depth exploration, reconsideration of commitment), and Ego Identity Process Questionnaire to assess identity status (diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, and achievement). Results showed there were significant differences in identity styles, dimensions, and statuses by considering gender and age groups. The correlation between adolescent's identity styles, dimensions, and statuses was also found in the Indonesian context.

Kata Kunci : gaya identitas, dimensi identitas, status identitas, konteks Indonesia