HUBUNGAN TINGKAT RELIGIUSITAS DENGAN DEPRESI PADA PENDERITA KUSTA DI RSUD KELET JEPARA

Arif Budi Djatmiko, Prof. Dr. dr. H. Soewadi, MPH, SpKJ(K); dr. Ronny Tri Wirasto, SpKJ

2014 | Tesis | SP PSIKIATRI

Latar belakang: Penyakit kusta masih menjadi permasalahan terutama di negara berkembang dan Indonesia menempati urutan ketiga setelah India dan Brasil. Penyakit kusta dapat menimbulkan masalah yang kompleks baik pada penderita sendiri, keluarga, masyarakat dan negara. Depresi merupakan gangguan jiwa yang banyak dialami oleh penderita kusta terutama karena stigma dan penolakan sosial. Penelitian-penelitian dan literatur sebelumnya telah menemukan bahwa religius atau spiritual berperan dalam mengatasi depresi karena religius atau spiritual ini dapat berfungsi sebagai coping dan support sosial pada penderita depresi. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara tingkat religiusitas dengan depresi pada penderita kusta di RSUD Kelet Jepara. Metode: Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional studi deskriptif analitik. Subyek penelitian adalah penderita kusta di Poli Rawat Jalan RSUD Kelet Jepara. Sampel penelitian diambil secara consecutive sampling sebanyak 50 subyek. Sampel diambil di Poli Rawat Jalan RSUD Kelet Jepara bulan Maret 2014. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah data pribadi, Beck Depression Inventory, dan Intrumen Tingkat Religiusitas. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan uji uji chi-square, Contingency Coefficient (CC) dan nilai Odds Ratio (OR), regresi logistik dan multipel regresi. Hasil: Depresi didapatkan pada 56% subyek penelitian. Tingkat Religiusitas mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan depresi. (p = 0,0001; OR = 10,2; 95%CI = 0,000-0,001). Lama menderita kusta dan umur juga berpengaruh terhadap depresi. (p = 0,001; OR = 0,087; 95% CI = 0.017-0.443) dan (p = 0,001; OR = 0,127; 95% CI = 0,036-0,454). Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ada hubungan antara tingkat religiusitas dengan kejadian depresi pada penderita kusta di RSUD Kelet Jepara.

Background Leprosy is still major health problems in developing countries and Indonesia ranked third after India and Brazil. Leprosy causes complex problem to the patients themselves, families, society, and government. Among these problems is depression due to stigma and social rejection. Previous studies found that religiosity or spirituality played a role in depression as both coping method and social support for the patients. Objectives This study was aimed to examine the association between religiosity level and depression among leprosy patients in Kelet District Hospital Jepara. Methods This study is a descriptive analytic study with a cross sectional design. The study subjects are leprosy patients in the outpatient clinic at Kelet District Hospital Jepara. The sampling was conducted with consecutive sampling (n=50). The study was conducted in the outpatient clinic Kelet District Hospital Jepara during March 2014. The instrument used for the data collection was personal information questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and religiosity level instrument. Statistical analyses were performed to analyze the data (Chi square test, contingency coefficient, odd ratio, logistic regression, and multiple regressions). Results We found that 56% of our subjects were depressed. Religiosity level was significantly associated with depression in our study population (p = 0,0001; OR = 10,2; 95%CI = 0,000-0,001). The duration of having leprosy and age were also significantly associated with depression (p = 0,001; OR = 0,087; 95% CI = 0.017-0.443 and p = 0,001; OR = 0,127; 95% CI = 0,036-0,454). Conclusion We found that religiosity level was associated with depression among leprosy patients in Kelet District Hospital Jepara.

Kata Kunci : Religiosity level, depression, leprosy