ANALISIS PENDAPATAN PETERNAK SAPI PERAH RAKYAT DI DAERAH PEDESAAN DAN DI KAWASAN SEMI URBAN

BILL UKASAH LILIPALY, Prof. Dr. Ir. Sudi Nurtini, SU.; Ir. Yustina Yuni Suranindyah, MS., Ph.D.

2015 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis pendapatan peternak sapi perah rakyat yang berlokasi di daerah pedesaan dan wilayah semi urban. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu tiga puluh satu orang peternak di pedesaan (Cipanas, Pangalengan, Bandung Selatan) dan tiga puluh satu orang peternak di kawasan semi urban (Pondok Ranggon, Cipayung, Jakarta Timur). Pengambilan sampel di Cipanas menggunakan metode purposive convenience sampling dan di Pondok Ranggon menggunakan metode sensus. Data yang diambil meliputi karakteristik responden, input, dan output kegiatan usaha peternakan sapi perah. Data tersebut kemudian ditabulasi dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis statistik uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan akuntansi per UT (Unit Ternak) per bulan di Cipanas lebih besar daripada di Pondok Ranggon, yaitu berturut-turut Rp. 492.624,48 dan Rp. 311.152,08. Pendapatan ekonomi per UT per bulan di Cipanas lebih rendah daripada di Pondok Ranggon, yaitu berturut-turut Rp. 294.548,65 dan Rp. 311.152,08. Pendapatan per liter susu di Cipanas lebih rendah daripada di Pondok Ranggon, yaitu berturut-turut Rp. 980,62 dan Rp. 1,254,84. Skala kepemilikan ternak di Cipanas lebih rendah daripada di Pondok Ranggon, yaitu berturut-turut 5,13 UT dan 35,08 UT. Kegiatan usaha peternakan sapi perah di Cipanas dan Pondok Ranggon termasuk menguntungkan karena memiliki nilai R/C lebih dari 1, yaitu nilai R/C berdasarkan biaya eksplisit secara berturut-turut 1,67 dan 1,41 serta nilai R/C berdasarkan biaya kesempatan secara berturut-turut 1,30 dan 1,41. Peternak di Pondok Ranggon relatif sudah lebih berorientasi komersial dibandingkan dengan peternak di Cipanas.

This study was conducted to analyze the income of small holder dairy farmers in rural and semi urban area. Thirty one samples from rural area (Cipanas, Pangalengan, Bandung Selatan) were selected through purposive convenience sampling method and thirty one samples from semi urban area (Pondok Ranggon, Cipayung, Jakarta Timur) were selected through census method. The data were taken include characteristics of respondents, input and output of dairy farm operations. Statistical analysis (t-test) was used for this research. The result showed that the accounting income per month per AU (Animal Unit) in Cipanas was greater than Pondok Ranggon. Consecutively, it was Rp. 492.624,48 and Rp. 311.152,08. The economic income per month per AU in Cipanas was lower than Pondok Ranggon. Consecutively, it was Rp. 294.548,65 and Rp. 311.152,08. The income per liter of milk in Cipanas was lower than Pondok Ranggon. Consecutively, it was Rp. 980,62 and Rp. 1.254,84. Ownership livestock scale in Cipanas was lower than Pondok Ranggon. Consecutively, it was 5,13 AU and 35,08 AU. The value of R/C based on the explicit cost was more than 1, in Cipanas 1,67 and Pondok Ranggon 1,41 and also the value of R/C based on opportunity cost was 1,30 and 1,41. It is indicated that business activities at both locations were profitable. The farmers in Pondok Ranggon relatively had more commercial oriented than the farmers in Cipanas.

Kata Kunci : Pendapatan, Peternakan Sapi Perah Rakyat, Susu, Pedesaan, Semi Urban, Income, Small Holder Dairy Farmer, Milk, Rural, Semi Urban