STRATEGI PEMBANGUNAN HUTAN RAKYAT SUB DAS LOGAWA DI KABUPATEN BANYUMAS

IR. DYAH ETHIKA N, M.P., Dr. Ir. Ris Hadi Purwanto, M.Agr.Sc;Dr Senawi, MP;Prof.Dr.Ir. Masyuri

2015 | Disertasi | S3 Ilmu Kehutanan

Sub DAS Logawa di Kabupaten Banyumas Jawa Tengah mempunyai luas sekitar 35.515,2 ha, merupakan kawasan strategis dari sudut kepentingan fungsi dan daya dukung sosial ekonomi dan lingkungan hidup. Penanganan lahan kritis di Sub DAS Logawa baru mencapai 1.390 ha, masih sisa sekitar 3.863 ha dari lahan kritis sekitar 4.253 ha. Pendekatan strategi pembangunan hutan rakyat sebagai bagian pemanfaatan lahan sangat relevan seiring dengan semakin lajunya degradasi dan deforestasi SDA dan menjadi kajian yang menarik untuk menyiapkan rumusan strategi pembangunan hutan rakyat di Sub DAS Logawa. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakteristik biofisik, sosial ekonomi usahatani hutan rakyat di bagian hulu, tengah, hilir Sub DAS Logawa, dan mengetahui potensi dan problematika usaha hutan rakyat, serta merumuskan strategi pembangunan hutan rakyat di bagian hulu, tengah dan hilir Sub DAS Logawa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survai dan analisis deskriptif, yaitu suatu metode penelitian yang memusatkan perhatian pada pemecahan masalah yang terjadi pada masa sekarang, sedangkan masalah yang dipecahkan adalah masalah yang faktual. Metode penentuan sampel dilakukan secara purposive. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi data primer dan sekunder. Pendekatan partisipasi petani dilakukan melalui kegiatan PRA dengan metode FGD, skor dan pembobotan, menggunakan skala likert. Membangun rumusan strategi melalui hirarki problematika prioritas menggunakan analisis hirarki proses (AHP) program Expert Choice 2000. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola tanam hutan rakyat bagian hulu, tengah, hilir Sub DAS Logawa mempunyai bentuk campuran dan tumpang sari/agroforestri. Pendidikan petani tigapuluh persen masih lulusan SD, pendapatan secara finansial dan ekonomi menguntungkan. Kriteria potensi dan problematika terbagi menjadi aspek lingkungan, aspek sosial dan aspek ekonomi. Hasil penyusunan hirarki problematika dengan pembobotan tertinggi, atau penentuan skala prioritas kepentingan terhadap kriteria penilai dengan uji konsisten, menunjukan bahwa skenario/kriteria terdapat pada aspek sosial; sasaran/sub kriteria pada meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat; alternatif pada faktor harga merupakan prioritas kepentingan tertinggi di bagian hulu dan tengah Sub DAS Logawa, sedangkan kriteria terdapat pada aspek lingkungan; sub kriteria meningkatkan produktivitas lahan, serta alternatif pada penguatan penyuluhan dan pelatihan, merupakan prioritas kepentingan tertinggi di bagian hilir Sub DAS Logawa. Implementasi merupakan arahan program yang akan memberikan manfaat yang optimal bagi masyarakat, baik secara lingkungan, ekonomi dan sosial. Rumusan strategi secara terintegrasi dengan cara meningkatkan partisipasi petani, segera mengaktifkan KTHR supaya memiliki kemampuan pada sektor harga kayu dan non kayu, melalui penguatan KTH, dan pendirian koperasi. Melalui model pendampingan, penyuluhan, pelatihan dan kerjasama dalam peningkatan produktivitas lahan dan pendapatan. Kebijakan dalam pemanfaatan lahan kritis, berupa bantuan teknis dan pemodalan, hasil action research dan pengabdian hasil IPTEK Perguruan Tinggi, pemerintah, swasta, terutama memberikan pengetahuan manajemen agribisnis usaha hutan rakyat supaya bisa segera dirasakan oleh masyarakat dengan tetap menjaga kelestarian lingkungan

Logawa Sub-watershed in Banyumas Regency Central Java with an area of 35.515,2 hectares, is a strategic area when seen from the view points of the function and carrying capacity of social economic as well as the environment concerns. From the total degraded land of 4,253 hectares 1390 hectares has been rehabilited while the rest of 3836 hectares is still remained in degraded state. An approach of community forest development strategy as a fraction of land- use is particularly relevant along with the degradation rate and natural resources deforestation and will be a remarkable study to formulate strategies on community forest development in Logawa Sub-watershed. The study aims to determine the biophysical characteristics, socio economic farming system of community forest in the upstream, midstream, downstream of Logawa Sub-watershed; and to figure out the potential land problems of the community forest business, as well as to formulate community forest development strategies in the upstream, midstream and downstream of Logawa Sub-watershed. The methods were survey and descriptive analysis: a method of research focused on currently problem solving, while the problem was factual issue. Approach on farmer participatory was conducted through PRA with FGD method, scoring and weighting. Formulating a strategy through a hierarchy of priority problems was done by the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results showed that the community forest planting patterns in the upstream, midstream, and downstream of Logawa Sub-watershed were mixed pattern and intercropping/agroforestry. Thirty percent of farmer education level was Elementary Shool, The financial income was assumed as beneficial. The criteria of the potential and problems were divided into environmental, social and economic aspects. The result of problems hierarchy arrangement with the highest weighting, or the determination of priority interest to the assessor criteria with the consistent test, showed that the scenario/criteria of the social aspects; target/sub-criteria to improve community participation; alternative on the price factor was the highest interest priority in the upstream and midstream of Logawa Sub-watershed, while the criteria in the environmental aspects; sub-criteria to increase productivity, as well as an alternative to strengthening extension and training, was the highest interest priority in the downstream of Logawa Sub-watershed. Implementation is a referral program which is significantly beneficial for the community, environmentally, economically and socially. Integrated strategy formulation is conducted by enhancing the participation of farmers, soon activating the farmer groups/KTHR with the ability in controlling the price of timber and non-timber products, strengthening the farmer groups, and founding a cooperatives. The model of mentoring, counseling, training and cooperation are purposed to improve land productivity and revenue. Policies of degraded land-use in the form of technical assistance and capitalization, the results of action research and community services in science and technology of universities, government, private sector, particularly the to give knowledge on community forest agribusiness management are quickly experienced by the community, with constantly caring the environmental sustainability

Kata Kunci : hutan rakyat, daerah aliran sungai, strategi pembangunan, kelestarian lingkungan